07-07-2012, 04:11 PM
3G and 4G TECHNOLOGY
3G&4G TECHNOLOGY.doc (Size: 173 KB / Downloads: 121)
Abstract:
his paper provides an insight into 4G technology. 4G is the next generation of wireless networks. 4G is a conceptual framework for a discussion point to address future needs of a universal high speed wireless network that will interface with wire line backbone network seamlessly. 4G technology provides the download speed for mobile internet connections. It provides motivation for 4G researches before 3G has not been deployed. It is impossible to predict technology developments and the evolution of latest at present. In wireless communication, mobile technology is advanced and in this system 4G is the latest at present.
4G (FOURTH GENERATION) TECHNOLOGY
4G is the next generation of wireless networks that will replace 3G networks sometimes in future. In another context, 4G is simply an initiative by academic R&D labs to move beyond the limitations and problems of 3G which is having trouble getting deployed and meeting its promised performance and throughput.
In reality, as of first half of 2002, 4G is a conceptual framework for a discussion point to address future needs of a universal high speed wireless network that will interface with wireline backbone network seamlessly.
DATA RATES FOR 4G (BROADBAND MOBILE)
At present (2G) imode data rates in Japan are up to 9.6 kbit/sec, but usually a lot slower, and 28.2kbps for 504i, 505i, 506i handsets (since May 2002). For 3G (FOMA) data rates are at present around 200kbps (download) and 64kbps (upload) and will in the future be upgraded to 10 Mbit/sec. KDDI/AU offers 2.4 Mbit/s since December 2003. For 4G data rates up to 20 Megabytes per second are planned.
Before understanding 4G, we must know what is 3G?
3G initiative came from device manufactures, not from operators. In 1996 the development was initiated by Nippon Telephone & Telegraph (NTT) and Ericsson; in 1997 the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) in the USA chose CDMA as a technology for 3G; in 1998 the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) did the same thing; and finally, in 1998 wideband CDMA (W-CDMA) and cdma2000 were adopted for the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS).