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1456941465-IEEEPaperSecureATMTemplateinA4V1.pdf (Size: 662.57 KB / Downloads: 9)
Abstract— Authentication is a critical part of any trustworthy computing system which ensures that, only individuals with
corroborated identities can log on to the system or access system resources. Biometric authentication with cryptography has
ameliorated the security level for authentication. In this present work a Bio-metric system for encrypting the user password is
proposed for secure remote ATM transaction. A retinal image is acquired at transaction terminal and Bio feature points are extracted
from the blood vessel tree. User password is encrypted using some selective feature points. After transmission to the central server,
encrypted password is decrypted using stored Bio-key to extract the password and check with the stored password. The success of the
transaction is based on the stored database. The proposed scheme is self manipulative, simple, fast and yet much more secure. The
efficacy of this computer simulation of bio-metric authentication system claims a secure online transaction.
INTRODUCTION
There has been a significant surge in the use of Biometric
based user authentication system in recent years because Biometric
authentication offers several advantages over other
authentication methods. Attacks when employed in securitycritical
applications, especially in unattended remote
applications such as e-commerce, it is very important to
withstand.
The present work aims at developing a novel crypto-Bio
authentication scheme in ATM banking systems [1]. At the
time of transaction retinal image is acquired at the ATM
terminal using high resolution Fundus camera. The blood
vessel tree is extracted from the pre-processed retinal image.
256 bit Bio key is generated from the selective feature points
extracted from the vessel tree using Harris Corner detection.
User‘s password is encrypted by the proposed method using
the bio-key. The encrypted password transmitted to the central
server via secured channel. At the banking terminal the image
is decrypted using the reversed steps of the same procedure
with the help of stored Bio-key template. The success of
authentication depends upon the matching result. Bio-metric
based authentication can be a positive replacement of
conventional password-based authentication.
In this paper, Harris Corner [3] Detector is proposed to
detect the corners present in retinal images as bio-metric
feature points. The Harris corner detector is based on the local
auto-correlation function of a signal; where the local autocorrelation
function measures the local changes of the signal
with patches shifted by a small amount in different directions.
Based on the selective pixel‘s positional values of the
corners a Bio key [4] is generated. This results into user
specific Bio authentication key as biomedical features
extracted from blood vessels tree, of every human eye is
precisely unique. Hence these results into self authenticating
characteristics of the image with high potential to recognize
authorized relevant users.
II. METHODOLOGY
A. Discrete Wavelet Transformation
The wavelet transform describes a multi-resolution
decomposition process in terms of expansion of an image onto
a set of wavelet basis functions. Discrete Wavelet
Transformation has its own excellent space frequency
localization property. Application of DWT[2] in 2D images
corresponds to 2D filter image processing in each dimension.
The input image is divided into 4 non-overlapping multiresolution
sub-bands by the filters, namely LL1
(Approximation coefficients), LH1 (vertical details), HL1
(horizontal details) and HH1 (diagonal details). The sub-band
(LL1) is processed further to obtain the next coarser scale of
wavelet coefficients, until some final scale ―N‖ is reached.
When ―N‖ is reached, 3N+1 sub-bands are obtained consisting
of the multi-resolution sub-bands. Which are LLX and LHX,
HLX and HHX where ―X‖ ranges from 1 until ―N‖. Generally
most of the Image energy is stored in the LLX sub-bands.
CONCLUSION
In this work a Bio authentication scheme for ATM
banking systems has been proposed. The retinal image of the
user is required during a transaction. The password is
encrypted via Bio key and then transmitted to the central
server using Bio authentication. The encryption Bio keys are
extracted from the Bio feature points of the retinal image,
which absolutely user specific as per biological specificity.
Any alphanumeric password with varying length can be
encrypt by the method for transmission only by changing the
the count of selected Harris points accordingly.