14-12-2012, 05:29 PM
A CROSS LAYER DESIGN APPROACH TO ENHANCE THE TCP/IP PERFORMANCE IN WIRELESS NETWORK
A CROSS LAYER DESIGN APPROACH TO ENHANCE.doc (Size: 52 KB / Downloads: 110)
INTRODUCTION
There continues to be rapid adoption of wireless technology and when coupled with the explosive growth of the Internet, it is clear that there will be increasing demand for wireless data services. Traffic carried by wireless networks is expected to be a mix of real time traffic such as voice, multimedia conferences and games, and data traffic such as web browsing, messaging and file transfer. All of these applications will require widely varying and very diverse Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees for the different types of offered traffic [1]. Thus, a real-time flow is required to deliver data packets with strict timing requirements. However, achieving quality of service (QoS) requirements will be impossible if route construction and maintenance procedures do not take into account the time varying characteristics of the wireless channel (such as channel capacity). This is only possible if a cross layer design (CLD) approach is adopted. Cross layer design is best defined as a departure from the reference architecture model that does not allow direct communication between non-adjacent layers or the sharing of variables (e.g., TCP/IP or OSI).
Transmission Control Protocol /Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is optimized for the wired environment and any packet loss is considered to result from network congestion. In wireless environments, contention and propagation effects of the medium may cause packet losses, but TCP/IP reacts to all of them as network congestion. Therefore, to improve the performance of TCP is major area of work. It is also known fact that the performance of TCP/IP, the most commonly used reliable transport protocol over the Internet, degrades over multi-hop wireless networks to a greater extent as the number of hops increases [2] [3]. TCP/IP performance on wireless environment has been studied extensively and the body of work can be categorized into three groups. The first groups attribute the poor performance of TCP/IP on the channel asymmetry and the competition between TCP data packets and TCP/IP acknowledgments (ACKs) [4]. The second groups of studies are focused on the fluctuations of Round Trip Time (RTT) as the main reason for the poor performance of TCP in wireless environments. The third groups of studies are focused on resource allocation and scheduling to improve the performance of TCP/IP.
By considering both the quality-of-service and the utilization of resources under the temporally correlated uncertainties of the network conditions [10]. By observing that there are usually different performance concerns in the network layer versus lower layers, two correlated the operations at different layers are proposed using cross layer design approach for improving the performance of TCP/IP.
LITERATURE REVIEW
1. Ahed Alshanyour[8],” Cross-Layer Design for QoS Routing in Multi-Hop Wireless Networks”, Sept.2011.
This paper investigate the performance of IEEE 802.11 MAC mechanism in non-saturation conditions, use the analysis in the context of multi-hop ad hoc networks, and use the multi-hop analysis in QoS route selection. This uses the discrete-time Markov chain process to study the saturation performance of RTS/CTS access mode in imperfect channel conditions.
2. Nasim Arianpoo, Paria Jokar, Victor C.M. Leung[5], “Enhancing TCP Performance in Wireless Mesh Networks by Cross Layer Design”, IEEE 2012.
Cross-layer design approach is used to improve the performance of TCP for nodes farther from the Internet gateways by giving a higher priority to the packets that have traversed a larger number of hops over the WMN. The proposal changes the way that routing and scheduling algorithms work together and can be easily implemented in IEEE 802.16d WMNs.
3. Rung-Shiang Cheng, Hui-Tang Lin[13],” A cross-layer design for TCP end-to-end performance improvement in multi-hop wireless networks”, 0140-3664 - see front matter 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j. com.2008
This paper presents a cross-layer approach for improving TCP performance in IEEE- 802.11 wireless channels. The proposed protocol, designated as TCP-CL, is essentially an extension of the original IEEE 802.11 standard and the TCP protocol. The numerical results reveal that TCP-CL achieves a significant improvement in the TCP transmission performance over multi-hop wireless networks.
4. Aditi Marathe, Madhumita Chatterjee and Satish Devane[15],” Cross layer design for rate selection and link failure prediction in MANETS”, 2009 International Symposium on Computing, Communication, and Control (ISCCC 2009) Proc .of CSIT vol.1 (2011) IACSIT Press, Singapore.
This paper propose schemes to achieve rate adaptation by sharing signal information between Physical and Mac layers, and to deal with frequent route failures in Manets by identifying soon to be broken links using cross layer design approach. Significant performance improvement can be achieved by MAC level rate adaptation based on signal strength information from physical layer.
5. Jouni Korhonen, Soohong Daniel Park and Ji Zhang[9], “Link Characteristic Information for IP Mobility Problem Statement”, Internet Draft, draft-korhonen-moboptslink-characteristics-ps-00.txt, September 2005.
This paper has investigated various mobility related issues at the link layer, network layer and transport layer. The mobility interactions between these different layers have been highlighted. Mainly focused on the network layer mobility protocols, MIPv4 and MIPv6, since they are the basis for the Internet mobility support.
6. Urbano Fullana A., Ferrer Gomila J.L., Payeras Capell`a M., Hinarejos Campos M. and Huguet Rotger L.[17],” Cross-layer secrecy design on TCP/IP and 802.11 for energy saving”, 978-1-4244-8704-2/11/IEEE-2011.
Propose a solution that eliminates redundancy in the encryption of the data at different layers applying the Cross-Layer design; analyze the architecture for exchanging security information between layers and, a new 802.11-CL protocol to signal the application of Cross-Layer algorithm in MAC layer.
RESEARCH PLAN
Overview
Actually, the challenge in wireless networks is that neighbor nodes share the same channel and they take part in forwarding packets. Therefore, the total effective channel capacity is not only limited by the raw channel capacity but is also limited by the interactions and interferences among neighboring nodes.