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Abstract: A smart helmet is a special idea which makes
motorcycle driving safer than before. This is implemented
using GSM and GPS technology. The working of this
smart helmet is very simple, vibration sensors are placed
in different places of helmet where the probability of
hitting is more which are connected to microcontroller
board. So when the rider crashes and the helmet hit the
ground, these sensors sense and gives to the
microcontroller board, then controller extract GPS data
using the GPS module that is interfaced to it. When the
data exceeds minimum stress limit then GSM module
automatically sends message to ambulance or family
members.
INTRODUCTION
The thought of developing this project comes to do some
good things towards the society. Day by day the two
wheeler accidents are increasing and leads to loss of many
lives. Accord to a survey of India there are around 698
accidents occurring due to bike crashes per year. The
reasons may be many such as no proper driving
knowledge, no fitness of the bike, fast riding of bike,
drunken and drive etc. Some time the person injured, the
accident may not be directly responsible for the accident,
it may be fault of rider, but end of the day it’s both the
drivers involved in the accidents who is going to suffer. If
accidents are one issue, lack of treatment in proper time is
another reason for deaths. According to the survey India
698 accidents occur per year, nearly half the injured
people die due to lack of treatment in proper time. The
many reasons for this such as late arrival of ambulance, no
persons at place where the accident occur to give information to the ambulance or parents. This is a
situation we observe our day to day life, a thought of
finding some solution to resolve this problem come up
with this idea of giving the information about accident as
soon as possible and in TIME….!!!!Because after all time
matters a lot, if everything is done in time, at least we can
save half the lives that are lost due to bike accidents.
Considering three major factors for avoiding the accident
causes such as I. Make wearing the helmet compulsory. II.
Avoid drunk and drive. III. If person met with an accident,
no one is there to help him. Simply leaving or ignoring the
person he may die. In such situation, informing to
ambulance or family members through mobile to rescue
him for an extent. The idea of this work is to give
information about the rider wearing the helmet or not,
whether the rider drunken or not and also, he met with an
accident it gives an information about location where he is
met with an accident through GSM module to mobile
numbers family members, so I have chosen GSM
technology to give the information by sending SMS, using
GSM module which has SIM card slot to place the SIM
and send SMS. Sending SMS alone can’t help the driver,
if we send and an SMS saying that accident had occurred
where the ambulance will come without knowing the
location of the accident. So to trace out the location where
exactly accident occur using GPS module, and gives to
microcontroller, then it sends the SMS which contains the
latitude and longitudeofa area to family members mobile
numbers For this we use GPS module to extract the
location of the accident, the GPS data will contain the
latitude and longitude values using which we can find the
accurate position of the accident place.
Hardware Software
Description
The P89V51RD2 are 80C51 microcontrollers with 64kB
flash and 1024 bytes of data RAM. A key feature of the
P89V51RD2 is its X2 mode option. The design engineer
can choose to run the application with the conventional
80C51 clock rate (12 clocks per machine cycle) or select
the X2 mode (six clocks per machine cycle) to achieve
twice the throughput at the same clock frequency. The
flash program memory supports both parallel
programming and in serial ISP. Parallel programming
mode offers gang-programming at high speed, reducing
programming costs and time to market. ISP allows a
device to be reprogrammed in the end product under software control. The capability to field/update the
application firmware makes a wide range of applications
possible.
LCD display
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic
display module and find a wide range of applications. A
16x2 LCD display is very basic module and is very
commonly used in various devices and circuits. These
modules are preferred over seven segments and other
multi segment LEDs.The reasons being LCDs are
economical easily programmable have no limitation of
displaying special & alphanumeric characters A 16x2
LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and there
are 2 such lines. Software required is keil’s software for
run the code and to dump the code into controller using
flash magic. Using assembly language to write the code
for the system.
ADC0809
ADC0809 is an 8-bit analog to digital converter. It is used
to convert the analog voltage of temperature sensor and
battery circuit. The reference voltage of ADC0809 is 5V.
It is an 8 channel ADC. The temperature sensor is
connected to channel 0 and battery circuit is connected to
channel 1.The 8-bit A/D converter uses successive
approximation as the conversion technique. The converter
features a high impedance chopper stabilized comparator,
a 256R voltage divider with analog switch tree and a
successive approximation register. The 8-channel
multiplexer can directly access any of 8-single-ended
analog signals.
Vibration Sensor
This sensor buffers a piezoelectric transducer. As the
transducer is displaced from the mechanical neutral axis,
bending creates strain within the piezoelectric element and
generates voltages. The Vibration Sensor Detector is
designed for the practice When Vibration Sensor Alarm
recognizes movement or vibration, it sends a signal to
either control panel Developed a new type of Omnidirectional
high sensitivity Security Vibration Detector
with Omni-directional detection
GSM Modem SIM 300
Designed for global market, SIM300 is a Tri-band
GSM/GPRS engine that works on frequencies EGSM 900
MHz, DCS 1800 MHz and PCS1900 MHz SIM300
provides GPRS multi-slot class10 capability and support
the GPRS coding schemes CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4.
With a tiny configuration of 40mm x 33mm x 2.85 mm,
SIM300 can fit almost all the space requirement in your
application, such as Smart phone, PDA phone and other
mobile device
CONCLUSION
As the concluding part of this project, I would like to say
that-- "Without proper action at proper time, danger
awaits us with a bigger face." We must act on time when a
person is injured. We must take care of person the way it
is meant. Otherwise, a valuable life might be lost .We
need to understand how precious lives of people are and
what importance first-aid carries in saving these precious
lives. If this project imparts this idea in even one person, I
would think that the project will be successful