25-07-2012, 02:56 PM
IP Addressing with its types. Network Address and Host Address, and its uses.
IP Addressing with its types.docx (Size: 53.85 KB / Downloads: 31)
Introduction:
IP was first standardized in September 1981, the specification required that each
system attached to an IP-based internet be assigned a unique, 32-bit Internet address
value. Some systems, such as routers which have interfaces to more than one network,
must be assigned a unique IP address for each network interface.
The first part of an Internet address identifies the network on which the host resides,
while the second part identifies the particular host on the given network. This created the
two-level addressing hierarchy which is illustrated
Types of IP Addresses:
• Unicast IP Address: It is used to transmit information to a specific network device on the network.
• Broadcast IP Address: It allows information to be sent to all the computers on a given subnet rather than a particular machine. The exact notation can differ by the operating system, but the standard is laid out in RFC 919. Each and every machine on the subnet receives the IP packets directed to the broadcast address.
Uses Of IP Addressing:
The uses of IP Addressing are as follows:
• A static IP address best supports name resolution, so that a computer can be most reliably reached over the network by its host / domain name. Web and FTP servers in particular benefit from fixed addressing for this reason.
• IP addresses are used to deliver packets of data across a network and have what is termed end-to-end significance. This means that the source and destination IP address remains constant as the packet traverses a network.
Network Address:
A network address is simply a code used by computers as a means of identification. Just like getting information to and from your home requires the postal service to know the house number and street name, a network address accomplishes the same thing for a computer network. Without some way of passing along this information, the idea of the Internet would be almost useless.
Just like the postal service, a computer must know where it is sending information. The network address is a set of unique identifying sets of information that can be used to find the right destination. While many may have heard of such an identifier being used to crack identify theft schemes and other sorts of online crime, that is really just a small part of the overall importance of the address. Nearly all information will require this address.
Conclusion:
Thus, every device connected to the Internet needs to have an identifier. Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are the numerical addresses used to identify a particular piece of hardware connected to the Internet.
The two most common versions of IP in use today are Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6). Both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses come from finite pools of numbers.