01-04-2014, 03:11 PM
Mazor Traning Report
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Introduction to networking
A network is a set of devices (often referred to as nodes) connected by communication links. A node can be a computer, printer, or any other device capable of sending and/or receiving data generated by other nodes on the network. A computer network is simply two or more computers connected together so they can exchange information. A small network can be as simple as two computers linked together by a single cable.
Network hub: the central connection point for network cables that connect to computers or other devices on a network. The hub has several network cable jacks or ports that we use to connect network cables to computers. The hub contains circuitry that enables each computer to communicate with any other computer connected to the hub.
Gigabit Ethernet: This new Ethernet standard transfers data at 1000 Mbps (1 Gbps) using standard Category 5 networking cables. If we install this cable today, we can migrate to the faster hardware should the need arise. Gigabit adapters, hubs and switches are available today, but Fast Ethernet is likely to provide adequate
bandwidth for most networking applications on a small network. In most cases, the Ethernet hardware that we purchase today will be able to interoperate with newer Gigabit hardware.
The Difference Between a Network and the Internet
A network of a few computers in one building is a local network. The Internet is a world-wide collection of thousands of interconnected computer networks. Because the Internet connects many different kinds of computers together, it is characterized by a number of communication standards that let these different kinds of computers talk to each other. Computers running Windows can communicate with each other on a local network with the simple networking software built into Windows. Windows also includes the software that enables our computer to access the Internet. However, configuring our computer to use the Internet is often complex. It’s easier to connect computers together on a local network than it is to connect computers to the Internet.
In addition to connecting our local computers together, we can connect our network to the Internet so that all of the computers on the local network can browse the Web or send e-mail. Newer versions of Windows include the software that routes network traffic from our local network to the Internet.
Networking media
A transmission medium can be broadly defined as anything that can carry information from a source to a destination. For example, the transmission medium for two people having a dinner conversation is the air. The air can also be used to convey the message in a smoke signal or semaphore. For a written message, the transmission medium might be a mail carrier, a truck, or an airplane.
In data communications the definition of the information and the transmission
medium is more specific. The transmission medium is usually free space, metallic cable, or fiber-optic cable. The information is usually a signal that is the result of a conversion of data from another form.