19-11-2012, 01:48 PM
WORKING OF TDM-PCM BASED 3000 LINES ELECTRONIC EXCHANGE
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ABSTRACT
The title of the project is “WORKING OF TDM-PCM BASED 3000 LINES ELECTRONIC EXCHANGE “ the project aims at studying the various units employed in the electronic exchange right from construction phase to implementation and operation phase.
The project is undertaken at the Visakhapatnam steel plant. The plant electronic exchange is installed by ALCATEL-LUCENT and has been built with Technology of FRANCE. This model exchange is designed initially for 3000 subscribers and is capable of extending beyond 10,000 at a later stage. The report mainly covers the different types of Communication Systems that are used in Visakhapatnam Steel Plant , Basic principles of Electronic Exchanges and about 3000 lines VSP-Plant exchange its working principle, different components and its advantages.
ENVIRONMENT OF VISHAKAPATNAM STEEL PLANT
ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION:
Vishakhapatnam Steel Plant the first coastal based steel plant of India is located 16 kms south west of city of destiny. Bestowed modem technologies VSP have an installed capacity of 3 million tons per annum of liquid steel 2.66 million tons of salable steel. At VSP, there is emphasis on total automation seamless integration and efficient up gradation, which results in wide range of long and structural products. To meet stringent demands of disceming customers with in India and abroad. VSP products meet exalting international quality standards such as JIS, DTN, BIS and BS etc.
VSP has the distinct to be first integrated steel plant in India to become an ISO-9002 certified company. The certificate covers quality systems of operational, maintenance, and service units besides purchase systems, training and marketing functions spreading over four regions regional marketing offices, 20 branch offices and 22 stock yards located all over the country.
VSP by successfully installing and operating efficiently Rs 460 cores worth of pollution Control and environment control equipments and converting the barren landscape by planting more than thee million plants has made the steel plant township, and surrounding areas in to a Heaven of lush greenery. This has made steel township a greener, cleaner and cooler place which can boost 3 to 4 degrees centigrade lesser temperature even in peak summer compared to Visakhapatnam city.
ZONES IN VSP:
The entire steel plant is divided into various zones such as,
RAW MATERIAL HANDLING PLANT(RMHP):
The RHMP receives the basic materials iron ore fluxes(lime stone, dolomite), coking and non-coking coals etc. requires for the steel making process from various sources through vagons which are stacked and reclaimed by stackers-cum reclaimers and distributed to various departments of vishakapatnam steel plant through conveyor systems.
COKE OVENS:
These tall ovens takes raw coal as input and produces coke by processing the coal in the absence of air or oxygen. This shop manufactures and supplies coke, a hard porous solid fuel for blast furnaces.
Coal is converted into coke by heating the prepared coal blend charge in the coke ovens in the absence of air at a temperature of 1000-1050 degree centigrade for a period of 16-18 hours.
Red hot coke is pushed out of the oven and sent to coke dry cooling plants for cooling to avoid its combustion. They are 3 coke dry cooling palnts(CDCP) ech having the four cooling chambers. The capacity of ecach cooling chamber is 50-52 TPH nitrogen gas is uses as the cooling medium. The heat recovery form nitrogen is done by generating steam and expanding in two back pressure turbines to produce 7.5 mega watts power each.
SINTER PLANT(SP):
There are two sinter machines each of 312 sqmt great area. Here iron ore fines, coke breeze, lime stone, dolomite are mixed together to form the agglomerated mass, called gross sinter which is used in the blast furnaces as the promary input the annual production capacity is 5.256 MT per annum in sinter.
BLAST FURNACES(BF):
Pig iron or hot metal produced in the blast furnace. The furnace is run with blast at high temperature and pressure of 1500 deg. Raw material required for pig iron and iron or iron making ore, sinter, coke, and lime stone. They are two 3200 cubic meter blast furnaces equipped with bell-less top charging to meet 3.0 MT annual metal requirements. Each furnace is provided with a set of four hot blast furnace stoves designed for supplying air blast up to 1300 deg.c. Three turbo blowers,one for each furnace and one stand by common to both furnaces are provided with 12 MW top pressure recovery turbo generating power.BF gas produce from each furnace is cleaned in gas cleaning plant comprising dust catcher,high pressure scrubber and is distributed throughout the plant as a fuel.
STEEL MELT SHOP(SMS):
A place where the quality of steel is improved by heating and oxygen lancing process. Steel is an alloy iron and carbon,where carbon should be less than 2%. Hot metal produced in BF contains impurities like carbon, sulphur, phosphorous, silicon ect.., this impurities will be removed in steel making by oxidation process. these are the three L.D convertors to conert the hot metal into steel. The steel melt shop complex comprises of two 1300-ton hot metal mixers, three 130-ton LD convertors and six 4 stand bloom casters. Each covertor is being provided with gas cleaning palnt for cleanng and recovery of LD gas, which will be used as fuel in plant. The output of this plant is called Liquid steel or blooms are formed which is further sent to mills area for shaping in different formats.
ROLLING MILLS:
A sophisticated, high capacity, high speed, fully automated mills, which gave final shape to the steel products. Blooms cannot be used as they are in daily like. These blooms have to be reduced in size and properly shaped to fit for various jobs. Rolling is one of the machanical process to reduce large size sections into smaller ones. The cast blooms from CCM are heated and rolled into long products of different specifications like high capacity, sophisticated high speed rolling mills.