21-07-2012, 11:26 AM
ADVANCED DATA STRUCTURES
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INTRODUCTION
For a C programmer it is easy for him to move towards C++ because syntactically there is no big difference between C and C++. But you should note that conceptually there is a lot of difference. C is based on traditional approach that is procedure orientation but C++ is based on modern approach that is object orientation.
Object oriented programming was developed to reduce the inherent limitations of traditional programming languages. Large programs written in traditional programming languages are complex and prone to errors.
Traditional languages like BASIC, Pascal, and C etc. are procedural languages. Programs written in these languages consist of set of instructions. Each instruction tells the computer to do something, read data from keyboard, do some computation, print some output on screen etc. Small programming tasks could be managed with programs consisting of a single sequence of instructions.
DIFFERENT STRATEGIES FOR PROBLEM SOLVING
The ability of software to do millions of different things is one of reasons for its downfall. Software crisis is result of various factors like less qualitative projects, customer dissatisfaction, over budget, schedules no met etc. Software crisis predicted three and half decades (first identified in 1968 by NATO) back but never materialized. A general scenario can be seen here that is software failures receive more publicity than successful projects. But truly speaking success rate for software projects is only 10%. The major reasons are unpredictability about time and budget. Response to software crisis is laid foundation for construction of software development models, different programming principles like structured, object orientation comes into pictures.
NEED FOR OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
A new way of problem solving technique is Object Oriented Programming. The entire above said problem solving strategies are given importance to procedures or algorithms. Those strategies were forgotten about basic element of the problem that is data. The job of computers id processing of data and produces processed data that is information. Object oriented concept given importance to data. According to some authors difference between procedure oriented and object oriented is very simple, which is shown in the form of following equation.