14-12-2012, 11:52 AM
DEVELOPING EFFICIENT URBAN ELECTRICAL SYSTEM USING MICROGRIDS
DEVELOPING EFFICIENT URBAN.pptx (Size: 1.08 MB / Downloads: 34)
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS A MICROGRID.
Localized grouping of electricity sources.
Electricity generation connected to centralized grid called macrogrid.
Microgrids are modern, small-scale versions of the centralized electricity system.
What is Urban Electrical System?
Explores how costs, energy and environmental impacts could be reduced.
If cities integrated the systems that supply them with resources.
Introduction of new technologies, such as distributed energy generation, will also be considered.
TYPES OF URBAN ELECTRIC SYSTEM
Technology design
Building design
Urban design
System design
Policy assessment
Land use transportation
TECHNOLOGY DESIGN
These focus on the design of the single system technologies such as heating , renewable energy technology.
This is to emphasize supply-side technologies –that is, we didn’t see much about demand management, insulation, or anything like that and the studies are conducted using a mix of simulation and experimental methods.
BUILDING DESIGN
Moving up the clearance scale, building design models look at the performance of building systems typically on a monthly or annual time frame.
Unlike technology design models, the focus is largely demand-side, namely how building design affects demands for heating, cooling, and lighting.
URBAN CLIMATE
A related sub-category are the urban climate models.
These studies use street cross-sections or fine-grained regular grids to assess changes in urban temperature over the course of a day.
By simulating external temperatures, these models should play a key role in urban energy modelling, however the energy implications of these temperatures are rarely considered.
SYSTEM DESIGN
These models use optimization methods, rather than simulation, to assess how different energy supply technologies can be combined to meet a set of user-specified energy service demands.
They focus largely on a district scale, looking at static or yearly timeframes.
POLICY ASSESSMENT
Policy models examine the whole city on an annual or decadal timeframe and try to assess how long-range policy goals can be met.
These models might use optimization techniques to determine which technologies could meet a given carbon target most cost-effectively, or they might use simulation to explore the potential impacts of a policy change.