22-06-2013, 04:04 PM
AUTOMATIC MULTI SPEED RAIN OPERATED WIPER A PROJECT REPORT
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ABSTRACT:
The battery supplies the power to the sensor as well as rain operated motor. Wiper
motor is automatically ON during the time of rainfall. The sensor is fixed in the
vehicle glass. The conductive (Touch) sensor is used in this project. It senses the
rainfall and giving control signal to the control unit. The control unit activates the
wiper motor automatically.
INTRODUCTION:
We have pleasure in introducing our new project
“AUTOMATIC MULTI SPEED RAIN OPERATED WIPER”, which is fully
equipped by sensors, circuit and wiper motor. It is a genuine project, which is fully
equipped and designed for Automobile vehicles. This
forms an integral part of best quality. This product underwent strenuous test in our
Automobile vehicles and it is good.
NEED FOR AUTOMATION:
Automation can be achieved through computers,
hydraulics, pneumatics, robotics, etc., of these sources,
pneumatics form an attractive medium for low cost automation. Automation plays an
important role in automobile.
Nowadays almost all the automobile vehicle is being atomized in order to product the
human being.
D.C MOTOR:
INTRODUCTION:
While a generator converts the mechanical energy given to it in
the form of rotation of the conductors (armature) into electrical energy, a motor does the
opposite. The input to a DC motor is electrical and the output is mechanical rotation or
torque. The principle of working of a D.C motor is explained below.
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION:
Consider a conductor carrying a current and placed in
a magnetic field. This conductor experiences a force tending to move it. The direction of
motion is given by Fleming’s left hand rule. If the thumb, fore finger and the middle
finger of the left hand are held such that the fingers show three mutually perpendicular
directions. If the forefinger shows the direction of the field and the middle finger and the
direction of current, then the thumb points to the direction motion.
In a DC motor, a strong electromagnetic field and a
large number of conductors housed in an armature and carrying current, make the
armature rotate.
LED:
LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) are those little coloured lights you see in
electronic equipment, household appliances, toys, on signs, and many other places. Red,
blue and green ones are the most common, since they have been around the longest.
Discrete LEDs of practically all colors are available nowadays.
There are LEDs available from infrared up to ultraviolet range. Technically LED is
basically a really fancy diode, which has the unique "side effect" of producing light while
electricity is flowing through them. Invented in 1967, the LED had been used strictly as
an indicator device.
LED history:
Infrared GaAs LED was the original commercially successful LED.
Original Visible Red, GaAsP on a GaAs Substrate, was the original commercially
successful visible type (this was Red LED). Then came yellow LEDs. After that green
LEDs became available. Then came the blue LEDs. After introduction of that UV and
"white light" LEDs became available.
LEDs are current-driven devices. The brightness is essentially
proportional to the current through an LED. There is usually a minimum current where
no noticeable light comes out and then the maximum continuous current that LED can
handle without overheating. You can quite freely select the current in that range to match
your needs, that
gives the brightness and power consumption that works in your application. Usually, a
voltage source provides this current through a current-limiting resistor at a low cost.