25-01-2013, 12:01 PM
AUTOMOBILE EMISSIONS CONTROL AND MONITORING BY MONOPOLE MAGNETIC DEVICE AND REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGY
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Abstract
Monopole magnetic device and Remote Sensing Technology (RST) are used to monitor and control automobile emissions to prevent the pollution and protect the environment. Monopole magnetic device reduces the level of noxious gases in exhaust fumes of vehicles. The carbon monoxide (co) level is reduced almost zero in the vehicles. It also claims a substational reduction in hydrocarbon emission in all the vehicles. The device assumes importance in the context of increasing awareness in our country about emissions by vehicle exhaust. Remote sensing technology measures pollutant level in the vehicle's exhaust while the vehicle is traveling down the road. Unlike the conventional methods, the remote sensing devices are not physically connected to the vehicle. The paper highlights how to achieve almost zero percent pollution and prevent the environment from vehicle emission.
Introduction
Next to buying house for most people the personal vehicle for mobility is major investment maintaining vehicles will help to protect the environment from automobile emission, pollution and get better fuel economy. Mono pole magnetic device and remote sensing technology help to prevent and control the pollution from vehicle emissions.
Emission Control By Mono Pole Magnetic Device
Mono polo magnetic devices reduce the level of noxious gases in exhaust fumes of vehicles. In addition the device is claimed to improve mileage by about 20%. The device can be easily mounted on vehicles and other engines by clipping it around the fuel pipe line.
The device magnetizes the fuel coming through the fuel line and prepares it for better combustion. As a result, the petrol or diesel crossing the device is polarized (that is, the molecules of the fuel are aligned along a particular direction). This improves the combustion characteristic of the fuel and reduces the amount of noxious gases in the exhaust.
This device is tested in a number of petrol driven cars, diesel engines, scooters, and motorbikes in collaboration with a few research labs transport operators and vehicles owners, say that the carbon monoxide (CO) level is reduced almost to zero in the vehicles. It claims a substantial reduction in hydro carbon emission in all the vehicles tested.
Exhaust Gas Recirculation
The most effective means of tackling nitrogen oxides is to use Exhaust Gas Recirculation [EGR]. This technique directs some of the exhaust gases back into the intake of the engine. These gases have already been used by the engine and no longer contain much oxygen. By mixing the exhaust gases with fresh air, the amount of oxygen entering the engine is reduced. Since there is less oxygen to react with, fewer nitrogen oxides are formed. This can greatly reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides that a vehicle releases into the atmosphere.
EGR THEORY OF OPERATION:
The purpose of EGR system is to precisely regulate EGR flow under different operating conditions, and to override flow under condition which would comprise good engine performance. The precise amount of exhaust gas which must be mattered into the intake manifold varies significantly as engine load changes. This result in the egr operating system on a very fine line between good NOx control and good engine performance.
If too much exhaust gas is meterd, engine performance will suffer. If too much little EGR flows, the engine may knock and will not meet strict emission standards. The theoretical volume of recirculated exhaust gas is referred to as EGR ratio. As the accompanying graph shows, the EGR ratio increases as engine loading increases.
Remote sensing technology
The purpose or remote sensing device (RSD) technology is to measure pollutant levels in a vehicle's exhaust while the vehicle is traveling down the road. Unlike the conventional methods, the remote sensing devices are not physically connected to the vehicle but can be located conveniently at the roadside so that the device can virtually "see" the passing vehicles in a single lane.
The RSD systems can measure hydrocarbons (HC) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) emission in the exhaust stream. Commercial RSD systems employ an infrared absorption principle to measure these pollutions. These systems operate by continuously shooting a beam of infrared radiations across a roadway. As a vehicle passes the roadway intercepting the beam, the device measures the ratio in the exhaust plume behind. Taking the first measurement as the baseline, the device calculates the vehicle's CO and HC emissions rate by comparing the second measurement to the expected ratio for ideal combustion.
The whole system is computerized with software loaded to perform combustion calculations. RSD systems are also developed to measure nitrogen oxides (NO). But a beam of ultraviolet light or light from a tunnel diode laser is needed to be projected to cross the roadway. RSD systems employ a freeze-frame video camera and equipment to digitize an image of the license plate number, so that the appropriate authorities can then identify the owners of the vehicle when the readings are beyond the passable range.