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Abstract : The need of creating the accident alarm
indicator is a high as the number of accident is high and it
more safe compared to another device. The main aim of
this device is to give alarm to the driver and also vibrate the
seat of the vehicle at the back and also apply the break of
the vechile.The advantage of this project is to less the
number of accident and also save the lives of human beings
and also creating a new theory of accident detecting system
in this competitive world, as new technology is going to
lead the globe. The project is an fully real time work as it is
mainly involved in waking up the driver due to the
drowsiness of the driver. Mainly some system of accident
detection system are very large, but this system is very
compact and can be fixed easily in the vechile. The main
duty of this project is to wake up the driver from his sleep
and keep him active by the vibration and alarm system.
Also the project is concentrating on the breaking of the
vehicle, to avoid hitting another vehicle which is coming at
the back and front.
INTRODUCTION
The Large numbers of vehicle accidents all over the
world are due to diminished driver’s vigilance level.
Driver’s diminished vigilance create a great problem
and risk in the life and other peoples life. Automobile
accidents tend to be most typical when the travelling is insufficient. These types of happen of all aspects
when the car driver is sleepy or in case he could be
alcohol. Car driver drowsiness is known as a key
point within the automobile mishaps. It had been
indicated that travelling performance dips with an
increase of sleepiness with producing accidents
constituting a lot more than twenty percent of most
automobile mishaps [1]. However the living lost as
soon as cannot be re-winded. To some extend
advanced technology give we hope to reduce the
accidents. Because of this, building systems which
actively screens the actual driver’s degree of caution
and notifying the car owner of any kind of insecure
traveling condition is important with regard to
accident avoidance. Numerous efforts happen to be
documented within the materials for building the
security system with regard to reducing the amount
of cars accidents because of decreased caution. The
last step of detecting drowsiness in driver is by
checking the driver’s response. This requires
regularly requesting the actual driver to deliver a
reply towards the program to point alertness. The
issue with this particular strategy is that it may
ultimately become tedious and irritating towards the
car driver. The actual propose program depending on
eye closer count number and yawning count number
from the car driver [2]. Through monitoring the
actual eyes as well as mouth area, it really is
considered that this associated with car drivers
fatigue could be recognized early sufficient to
prevent an auto accident. The attention blink rate of
recurrence increases past the standard price within
the tired condition. Additionally, tiny sleeps which
are the actual short intervals of rest lasting three or
four seconds would be the great indicator from the
tired condition. Therefore the actual blink recognition
from the eyes is the greatest method to identify the
drivers sleeping degree. This project describes a realtime
online prototype driver-fatigue monitor. It uses
remotely located charge-coupled-device cameras
equipped with active infrared illuminators to acquire
video images of the driver. Various visual cues that
typically characterize the level of alertness of a
person are extracted in real time and systematically
combined to infer the fatigue level of the driver. The
sensors and the Microcontrollers gives instant
information of the eye blink rate, and makes the
device works [3]. The project is mainly based on the
eye blink identification of the driver and it can be
counted by the demising of the eye level.
BACKGROUND STUDY
The very first method, while many precise, is not
really practical, because realizing electrodes would
need to become attached straight onto the actual
driver’s entire body, and therefore become annoying
as well as distracting towards the car owner.
Additionally, very long time traveling would lead to
moisture within the receptors, reducing their
capability to keep track of precisely [3]. The 2nd
strategy is perfect for real life traveling conditions
because it could be non-intrusive by utilizing did
sensors associated with camcorders in order to detect
modifications.
EYE BLINK DETECTION
It is vital within our trying to discover the flashing of
eyes, because it is utilized to push the product and
also to run occasions. Therefore blink recognition
needs to be carried out, which is why we are able to
get easily accessible blink sensors in marketplace or
we are able to include it having a unique instruction
created in picture processing which, when there is
absolutely no pupil discovered for your specific
amount of pre-determined we. Electronic. Period
more than our eyes blinking period then think about a
meeting known as “blink”, which is why the actual
group of procedures is going to be implemented.
Right here, in this instance we have to arranged time
because 1& 2nd or over this, because “blink event”
differs through “normal eyes blinking”. We have to
carry out testing for jus blink occasion evaluation,
and never to discover regular eye flashing.
TECHNIQUES FOR DETECTING DROWSY
DRIVERS
Feasible processes for finding drowsiness within
drivers could be usually broken into the next groups:
realizing of physical features, realizing of car owner
procedure, realizing of automobile reaction, checking
the reaction of car driver [4]. The very first method,
while many precise, is not really practical, because
realizing electrodes would need to become attached
straight onto the actual driver’s entire body, and
therefore become annoying as well as distracting
towards the car owner. Additionally, very long time
traveling would lead to moisture within the receptors,
reducing their capability to keep track of precisely.
The 2nd strategy is perfect for real life traveling
conditions because it could be non-intrusive by
utilizing did sensors associated with camcorders in order to detect modifications [5]. Amongst these
techniques, the actual techniques which are greatest,
depending on precision would be the types depending
on human being physiological tendency. This method
is actually implemented within two methods:
calculating within physical indicators, for example
mind dunes, heart rate, as well as eye flashing; as
well as measuring actual physical changes for
example loose position, inclined from the driver’s
mind and also the open/closed says from the eye.
METHODOLOGY
RUNNING OF THE SYSTEM
The system works when the driver closes the eyes for
around 3 seconds. There is an Infra-red sensor in the
system, it senses the eye blink of the driver and when
the eye is closed for 3 seconds, the system gives an
alarm and also there is a vibrator present at the back
of the seat, the vibrator vibrates and the break is also
applied gradually. This is how the project works [5].
WORKING OF THE SYSTEM:
There is two transformer in the system and the first
transformer is 230 V and it converts power to 12 V as
all the parts in the system needs only 12V-6V.The
first transformer is connected to the rectifier diode in
which it converts AC current to DC current as all the
components need only 12 V DC current. From this
rectifier the connection goes to the two relay which
connects the D.C gun and the motor. The transformer
is 220 volt it converts power to 12 volt – 5 volt.It is
connected to the Microcontroller, Timer circuit,
buzzer and the alarm. When the system is on the
circuit works and the wheel rotates as the relay circuit
is closed [6]. When the driver closes his eyes for
around 3 seconds, the IR sensor gives information to
the timer circuit it activates the Microcontroller and
the microcontroller gives information to the three relays and the relays gets open and the wheel gets
stopped, the break is applied and also the vibrator
will vibrate and the alarm will be ringing. In the
circuit there are capacitor,Resistance,diode and also
regulator to control and purify the current
flow.Capicators and regulator are mainly fixed for
adequate current flow to the components.
WORKING OF THE CIRCUIT OF THE
SYSTEM:
There are many circuit present in this system,
all the circuit are interconnected with each other with
wires. The circuits are
Microcontroller Circuit.
Relay Circuit.
Driver Circuit.
Timer circuit.
Alarm Circuit.
Rectifier Circuit.