10-11-2012, 01:34 PM
Implementation of image processing for the isolation of dead chicken in the poultry
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ABSTRACT
Our paper tries to completely automate the poultry process by continuously monitoring the chickens in the poultry and by the application of image processing, identify the dead chicken using a camera and inform the appropriate person so that the dead chicken can be removed from the corresponding cabin. The chickens will be monitored in each cabin with a regular time interval. In the initial phase the background image of the cabin is stored as the reference and after say 15 minutes another image is taken and stored. The difference image is calculated for each image by the application of image subtraction.
Introduction to digital image processing:
Digital image processing remains a challenging domain of programming for several reasons .First the issue of digital image processing appeared relatively late in the computer history. Secondly, digital image processing requires the most careful optimizations and especially for real time applications. Finally, digital image processing is by definition, a two dimensional domain.
The original and basic way of representing a digital colored image in computers is obviously a bitmap. A bit map is constituted of rows of pixels, contraction of the words ‘Picture Element’ . Each pixel has a particular value which determines the appearing color. This value is qualified by three numbers giving the decomposition of the color in the three primary colors RED, GREEN, BLUE. Any color visible to the human can be represented this way. There are about 16.8 million colors that can be formed by using this RGB combination (256*256*256).
This large number of colors cannot be processed by the devices which are available. So we are needed to make these colors into gray format which has only two values.
Image Preprocessing:
Image pre-processing refers to attenuation, or sharpening, of image features such as edges, boundaries, or contrasts to make a graphic display and analysis. The enhancement process does not increase the inheritance information content in the data. The best way to avoid pre-processing is to concentrate on high quality image acquisition. Nevertheless pre-processing is very useful in a variety of situations since it helps to suppress information that is not relevant to the specific image processing and analysis.
Conversion to gray scale:
All image processing operations are carried on the gray scale image. So the RGB image obtained from the webcam is converted is converted into gray scale by using the function rgb2gray ();
An intensity image, also know as a grayscale image, is adapt matrix I whose values represent intensities within some range. MATLAB stores an intensity image as an individual matrix, with each element of the matrix corresponding to one image pixel. The matrix can be of class unit8, unit16, int16, single or double. While intensity images are rarely saved with a colormap, MATLAB uses a colormap to display them.
Static background motion detection:
Let us suppose a video camera is facing a static background, the static image of this background, say when no object is in the field of the camera, is stored in a bitmap. The idea is very simple. When surveillance is turned on, for each frame received, the software compares each pixel of the frame with those of the static background image.
If a pixel is different it is marked as white, if not it is left black. The difference between these two pixels can be calculated by calculating the distance between them with comparing it to a threshold value.
Here, in this method the object motion can be determined by the presence of white pixels in the compared image. If white pixel is less than certain number of pixels (say<K), it can be considered as noise. If it is greater than K, the object is said to be in motion.
CONCLUSION:
Poultry business is a major contributor to the Indian economy. With more and more people heading into poultry business, there is automation in this sector. With already feeding mechanisms and collection of eggs inside the cabin having been in automated, the poultry is trying to complete the poultry process. The major concern with the poultry is the menace of disease that is often affecting the chickens. The problem is that, the disease quickly spreads among the chickens and affects others.