29-01-2013, 09:43 AM
Alternate Fuels
Alternate Fuels.pptx (Size: 112.22 KB / Downloads: 54)
Alternative Fuels—One Solution
Domestically produced.
Derived from renewable sources.
Reduces harmful pollutants, exhaust emissions, and CO2 emissions.
Ethanol
Properties
Alcohol-based fuel produced from starch crops or cellulosic biomass (trees and grasses). Currently, corn is primary feedstock.
27% - 36% less energy content than gasoline. OEM’s estimate 15% - 30% decrease in mileage
As an alternative fuel, most commonly used in a blend of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline (E85).
USES
Mostly used in light-duty vehicles called flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs). FFVs can use 100% unleaded fuel or any mixture of E85 and unleaded fuel.
Several manufacturers offer FFVs in car and pickup configurations.
Electricity
Properties
Recharges batteries in electric vehicles.
Electricity sources for battery recharging (electrical outlet, gasoline engine on-board vehicle, regenerative braking).
Electricity sources for power outlets (coal, natural gas, nuclear, wind, other renewables).
Uses
Two categories include EVs or plug-ins (externally charged) and HEVs or hybrid vehicles (self-charged). Both use battery storage.
Available in neighborhood electric vehicles, bicycles, light-duty vehicles, medium- and heavy-duty trucks and buses.
Hydrogen
Properties
Does not occur to any significant extent on earth in its free, elemental form.
Found in chemical compositions such as water and hydrocarbons, and dry coal.
Pure hydrogen contains no carbon thus burns to form water with no CO2 or CO emissions.
Uses
Emerging fuel for transportation fuel cells.
Used in modified internal combustion engines.
Fuel cells use a direct electrochemical reaction to produce electricity on board the vehicle. This electricity is used to power electric motors.