22-12-2012, 01:18 PM
Automatic Object Rejection using Conveyer Belt
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Introduction
Belt Conveyor is a kind of machine that to transfer the material continuously. The belt works under the effect of frictional force. It is not only the components to transfer the material, but also the components to transfer the force. The Belt Conveyor is advanced and simple in structure, easy to maintain. Its transfer capacity is high, transfer distance is long. They are widely used in mining, metallurgical and coal industry to transfer sandy or lump material, or packaged material. In many situations, it is a very important component of nonstandard machinery.
conveyor Structure
The conveyors consist of standard parts, which are advanced and simple in structure, easy to maintain. They are widely used in mining, metallurgical and coal industry to transfer sandy or lump material, or packaged material. According to different transferring equipment, the transfer system can be one independently or multi-conveyors or combined with other transfer equipments. The Belt Conveyor can be installed horizontally or aslope to meet the needs of different transfer lines
Objective
The main objective of this project is to build a unique kind of algorithm to achieve a new kind of approachability in the field of automation in industry. The Automatic object rejection system with conveyor mechanism is one of those types of different view for automation in machines. These machines are designed to work at different places without man.
A conveyor system is a common piece of mechanical handling equipment that moves materials from one location to another. Conveyors are especially useful in applications involving the transportation of heavy or bulky materials. Conveyor systems allow quick and efficient transportation for a wide variety of materials, which make them very popular in the material handling and packaging industries. Many kinds of conveying systems are available, and are used according to the various needs of different industries. There are chain conveyors (floor and overhead) as well. Chain conveyors consist of enclosed tracks, I-Beam, towline, power & free, and hand pushed trolleys.
Industries that use conveyor systems
• Conveyors are able to safely transport materials from one level to another, which when done by human labor would be strenuous and expensive.
• They can be installed almost anywhere, and are much safer than using a forklift or other machine to move materials.
• They can move loads of all shapes, sizes and weights. Also, many have advanced safety features that help prevent accidents.
• There are a variety of options available for running conveying systems, including the hydraulic, mechanical and fully automated systems, which are equipped to fit individual needs.
Conveyor systems are commonly used in many industries, including the automotive, agricultural, computer, electronic, food processing, aerospace, pharmaceutical, chemical, bottling and canning, print finishing and packaging. Although a wide variety of materials can be conveyed, some of the most common include food items such as beans and nuts, bottles and cans, automotive components, scrap metal, pills and powders, wood and furniture and grain and animal feed. Many factors are important in the accurate selection of a conveyor system. It is important to know how the conveyor system will be used beforehand. Some individual areas that are helpful to consider are the required conveyor operations, such as transportation, accumulation and sorting, the material sizes, weights and shapes and where the loading and pickup points need to be.
METHODOLOGY:
Automatic object rejection system is the project to reject the object when it comes by conveyer system. We are using this system on conveyer belts. Suppose if three different sizes of projects comes then according to their sensor arrangement the object will be pass. We are taking a example here. Suppose we have set three sensors at different stages like, at 5cm,10cm and 15cm. we want to pass only the 10 cm of object. So that will be pass. Others object will hit by the stick to move out.
Component detail
Sensors
IR sensors
Based on a simple basic Idea, this proximity sensor, is easy to build, easy to calibrate and still, it provides a detection range of 35 cm (range can change depending on the ambient light intensity).
This sensor can be used for most indoor applications where no important ambient light is present. For simplicity, this sensor doesn't provide ambient light immunity, but a more complicated, ambient light ignoring sensor should be discussed in a coming article. However, this sensor can be used to measure the speed of object moving at a very high speed, like in industry or in tachometers. In such applications, ambient light ignoring sensor, which rely on sending 40 Khz pulsed signals cannot be used because there are time gaps between the pulses where the sensor is 'blind'...
The solution proposed doesn't contain any special components, like photo-diodes, photo-transistors, or IR receiver ICs, only a couple if IR leds, an Op amp, a transistor and a couple of resistors. In need, as the title says, a standard IR led is used for the purpose of detection. Due to that fact, the circuit is extremely simple, and any novice electronics hobbyist can easily understand and build it.
What Is an Infrared Sensor?
An infrared sensor is an electronic device that emits and/or detects infrared radiation in order to sense some aspect of its surroundings. Infrared sensors can measure the heat of an object, as well as detect motion. Many of these types of sensors only measure infrared radiation, rather than emitting it, and thus are known as passive infrared (PIR) sensors.
Object Detection using IR light
It is the same principle in ALL Infra-Red proximity sensors. The basic idea is to send infra red light through IR-LEDs, which is then reflected by any object in front of the sensor