27-12-2012, 02:23 PM
Innovative Gsm Bluetooth based Remote Controlled Embedded System for Irrigation
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ABSTRACT
In past few years controlling and monitoring the machines
remotely has seen an interesting field of study among
researchers. This paper mainly focuses on reviews in the field
of remote monitoring and control, the technology used and their
potential advantages. The paper proposes an innovative
GSM/Bluetooth based remote controlled embedded system for
irrigation. The system sets the irrigation time depending on the
temperature and humidity reading from sensors and type of
crop and can automatically irrigate the field when unattended.
Information is exchanged between far end and designed system
via SMS on GSM network. A Bluetooth module is also
interfaced with the main microcontroller chip which eliminates
the SMS charges when the user is within the limited range of
few meters to the designated system. The system informs users
about many conditions like status of electricity, dry running
motor, increased temperature, water content in soil and smoke
via SMS on GSM network or by Bluetooth.
INTRODUCTION
Global system for mobile communication (GSM) is one of the
most trustable wireless communication system that can be
accessed and used very easily. The price of it transreceiver
module and subscription fee of it’s services is very low so it is
very cost effective also. Embedded system interfaced with
GSM module can widen the scope of embedded design and
enhanced the application areas of controlling and monitoring
systems to a great extent. During the past decade network
services has extended beyond speech communication to many
other custom specified embedded design application. This
paper proposes an innovative GSM-Bluetooth based remote
controlled embedded system for irrigation. The interface and
communication between user and designed system is via SMS
on GSM network or by Bluetooth if the user is within the range
of 10m of designed system.
Technology used and Application
Gao Guohong and Liu Yi introduced an application based on
single chip computer (AT89S52) in agriculture and landscape
irrigation system [1].The system has many functional units like
clock unit ,alarm unit and the display module . This approach
reduces the staff workload, improves effective resource
utilization, increases crop productivity and thereby reducing the
cost of agricultural products.
Vandana Dubey [2] proposed a wireless sensor network based
remote irrigation control system and automation using DTMF
code. In this approach, cell phone or landline phones are used
for starting and controlling the irrigation and pesticide spraying.
The implementation of wireless sensor network gives better
result and thus makes the work very convenient and efficient.
A very efficient system that uses miscall/SMS for different
message and command indication from system cell phone and
user cell phones respectively was developed by Vasif Ahmed
[3].This system uses Bluetooth for data communication
between microcontroller system and system cell phone but with
a range of 10m.In this work, the temperature sensor gives
output directly in digital form and have error detection
capability. The system has real time clock to provide timing
information. The system results in uniform distribution of water
in fields at regular interval of time , reduced Labour cost,
minimization of occurrence of motor faults, efficient use of
water resources. Intimation about completion of task to the user
can be send through miscall/SMS. The system can be
implemented to any cell phone model. The system is
convenient and of low operating cost due to use of miscall
compared to SMS.
SYSTEMS
The block diagram of the proposed system has been shown in
figure 2. The system consists of 8-bit PIC microcontroller
(16F877A) that is interfaced with different types of sensors.
The PIC microcontroller has inbuilt ADC so no need of
external ADC in the system. The designed system has provision
of keys for manually selecting the irrigation mode (for farm
field / garden) and for spraying of pesticide in farm
field/garden. The same operation can be done by sending SMS
on the GSM network by the user. Depending on the reading
from the temperature and humidity sensor and type of crop the
designed system decides the on/off time of pump motor for
precise irrigation. The system will send status of power supply
via Bluetooth/SMS on GSM network to user. The system will
check the water flow from the pump. If electricity is there but
no water supply is available, the system will send information
to user via Bluetooth/ SMS on GSM network. The system will
raise an alarm and send message to user if there are any traces
of smoke in the field land due to burning of motor or due to fire
in the field land .
System architecture
The hardware of the system mainly includes a 8-bit
microcontroller chip (PIC 16F877A), a GSM module, a
Bluetooth module, RS232 interfaces and sensors. The
microcontroller is interfaced with different sensors for
controlling and monitoring different aspects of irrigation.
Temperature sensor and humidity sensor are used to get the
exact value of environmental temperature and level of water
content in soil .Depending on the reading from the temperature
and humidity sensor and type of crop the designed system
decides the on/off time of pump motor for precise irrigation.
Water flow sensor is used to check the condition of dry running
of motor. The smoke sensors are used to check emergency
conditions like fire in field or burning of motor. The analog
data from temperature sensor is converted to digital using
inbuilt A/D converter. It provides this data to the
microcontroller for analysis when requested and an alarm is
raised in emergency conditions depending upon this data and an
SMS on GSM network is send to the user’s mobile. The
measured values of sensors are displayed on the LCD. The
GSM and Bluetooth modules which are the most important part
of this designed system are interfaced with the microcontroller
using a RS232 interface. The GSM module must have a SIM
(Subscriber Identity Module) card to make the network identify
to the user. The microcontroller communicates with the GSM
module using the AT commands. These AT commands are
used to send and receive SMS. The programming code for the
microcontroller is written in some high level language(C
language).
CONCLUSION
This paper proposes the design of the innovative GSMBluetooth
based remote controlled embedded system for
irrigation. The proposed system is a low cost system where
information is exchange via SMS on GSM network. As we
know the appropriate level of water in the farm field
contributes to the quality of grains and highly affects the
incidence of pests and diseases on crops. By using this system
the farmers can get the information of electricity status at farm
field, warning message like smoke in farm field due to fire or
due to burning of motor in the farm field and the environmental
temperature exceeds information from home or any where
using a mobile phone. With this the farmer can switch on the
motor for irrigation/pesticide spray from anywhere far from the
actual field. The system has advantage of using Bluetooth if
the user is within the 10m range of designed system. The use of
Bluetooth technology cuts down the cost of SMS if the user is
within the limited range of designed system. The availability of
the GSM network is a prerequisite for the system
implementation. The system is highly beneficial for precise
irrigation in farm fields and thus responsible for efficient
utilization of water resource and men power.