26-03-2012, 12:48 PM
Basic Mechanical Engineering-Hydraulic Turbine
Hydraulic turbines.ppt (Size: 2.21 MB / Downloads: 207)
Hydraulic (Water) Turbines
Basic working principle:
Hydraulic turbines convert the potential energy of water into mechanical work.
Three most popular hydraulic turbines are :
Pelton wheel (Pelton turbine)
Kaplan turbine (Propeller turbine)
Francis turbine
Pelton Wheel (Pelton turbine)
This turbine is named after Lester A. Pelton (1829 – 1908) an American
Engineer who developed it in the year 1880.
Pelton wheel is a high head turbine. It is used with heads of more than 500
metres. Note : A head is the distance the water falls before it strikes the
turbine blades.
Pelton Wheel (Pelton turbine)…
The flow of water is tangential to the runner. So it is a tangential flow impulse turbine.
A Pelton’s runner consists of a single wheel mounted on a horizontal shaft.
Water falls towards the turbine through a pipe called penstock and flows through a nozzle.
The high speed jet of water hits the buckets (vanes) on the wheel and causes the wheel to rotate.
A spear rod which has a spear shaped end can be moved by a hand wheel.