28-01-2013, 12:43 PM
CONSTRUCTION OF REGULATOR UNDER KRISHNA DELTA MODERNIZATION
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ABSTRACT
The project “construction of regulator under Krishna delta modernization”deals with the construction of double lane bridge at kamalapuram near vadlamannadu.We did this project under the guidance of patel constructions.so in this project we mentioned the details of the construction company and this company is recognised as world wide.We made observation for construction of regulator for seven days.At Kamalapuram three constructions are implemented at a time.They are Lock chamber and two regulator constructions.Among this we opted the regulator construction. Our project is implemented to regulate the flow from Nagarjuna sagar dam and to provide water for irrigation.Our regulator construction is done on branch canal.In this we mainly focused on the observations we made at the site area .This project is implemented under Krishna delta modernization scheme and the procedure to implement the scheme is explained.The main aim of this project is to explain the way of constructing the regulator with full of details. In this project we gave the information about the stability conditions, classifications and types of each individual observation and after that we tested the soil and gave the results regarding type of soil and soil conditions by testing the soil using laboratory tests. Based on this results the construction procedure is followed.
COMPANY PROFILE
Two decades ago two real estate visionaries began building on entirely new kind of real estate management organization, Mr.Narsinh g. patel and Mr.Nargin.g.patel,who are brothers,established and promoted the ng group of companies was established in 1986 in ahmedabad , a prominent city of gujarath. The ng group of companies has several diversified business verticals in infrastructure development, information technology k, finance , automobile , etc . the important group companies are ng corporation , gallops infrastructure ltd , gallops finlease ltd , gallops insurance services , name designs , gallops wealth managements , ng infotech(I)ltd , gallops motors etc
INTRODUCTION
The main purpose of this Regulator construction is irrigation works. It is a double lane bridge, distributory canal over Bantumilli main canal. Location of the project is in Kamalapuram near Vadlamannadu. We did the project under the guidance of PATEL Constructions.To Get a basic idea about this project we have to know about what is regulator,purpose of regulator and the types of regulator.
Regulator
Regulator means it regulates the flow of the water from the upstream side to the down stream side using gate system . it plays a important role during summer season to irrigate the lands.the distributary regulator is constructed at the upstream side of the channel where it takes off from the main canal or the branch of the canal or the major distributary to perform different functions
Purpose of the regulator
It means controlling the amount of flow of water from upstream to downstream according to the requirement. For the purpose of regulating thedischarge in the distributary,it is essential to measure the discharge for which we can use guage discharge relationship of the distributary.but the relationship changes with channel regime.
OBSERVATIONS
In project area we use to know the construction procedure in regular steps.But along with these steps we observe so many things in field.The following are the observations we made at field while regulator construction is going on for few months.Some of the observations like Levelling,Earthwork Excavation,Ballies,Cut off Wall,Sand filling,PCC, Raft R.C.C,Side walls,Slabs.
MEASUREMENTS OF ELEVATIONS-LEVELLING
Introduction
The points on the surface of the of the earth do not lie in a plane and there is a difference in the heights of the different points. A complete relief map of the surface will require the determination of such differences in heights and representing them on the plan to get a complete picture of the topography. The height of a point from a datum is known as the elevation and is represented by what are called reduced levels. the instruments for measuring the elevations is known as a level and the process of determining elevations is called levelling . a theodolite can be used as a level as well, as the essential parts of a level are built in the theodolite. However, there are separated levelling instruments which are used only for levelling. in this we will discuss the instruments and methods used only for levelling. and methods used to determine the elevations of points.
TERMINOLOGY
The following terms should be understood clearly before we can take up the instruments and methods of levelling.
Level surface: A level surface is a surface parallel to the mean spheroidal surface of the earth at every point. The water surface in a lake when it is still is a perfect example of a level surface. The level surface does not lie in a horizontal plane. Because of the distances involved, a horizontal surface is considered a level surface in ordinary survey work. Only when the distances are large, we take into consideration the curvature of the surface.
Level line: A level line is a line lying on the level surface.
LEVELLING INSTRUMENTS:
There are many types of levelling instrument each with some minor modificationfor ease of operation.the main types of levels are dumpy level,reversible level,cushing level,tilting level and auto level.The basic purpose of a level is to provide horizontal line of sight.The essential parts of a level are the base or levelling head,a telescope,a spirit level.Generally fixed on the telescope,and an arrangement to fix the level to a tripod.
Base or levelling head: The levelling head is similar to that in a theodoilite.It consists of two plates separated by three or four foot screws.The top plate is known as a tribrach and bottom plate is known as trivet.The foot screws help to level the instrument.
Telescope: With improvement in optics,telescope have become shorter and compact in size and are more powerful with a higher range.The telescope is used to site the levelling staff to take readings.
Altitude bubble: The bibble is generally fixed on to the telescope.The spirit level can be made to traverse or remain in the center of its run,by the footscrews.Initial adjustments is done with the tripod legs for approximate levelling.The base plate or trivet as arrangements to fix the level on to a tripod.
Dumpy level: A dumpy level is a very solid and old type of instrument with very few moving part and is considered a stable instrument.In this insrtument,the telescope is fixed to a vertical spindle and cannot be titled or otherwise moved.In a solid dumpy level,the telescope tube and the vertical spindle are cast in one piece.
Cook’s reversible level: In cook’s reversible level, the essential parts remaining the same,a provision is made to rotate and change the telescope from end to end.This is made to possible by a screw,which,when slackened,allows for a rotation of the telescope about the longitudinal axis.The telescope can also be removed from its sockets and changed end to end to reverse it.
[b]LABORATORY TEST RESULTS
If the soil contains substantial quantity (say,more then5%)of particles,a wet sieve analysis is required.All lumps are broken in to individual particles. A representative soil sample in the required is taken using a reffler,and dried in an oven. The dried sample is taken in a tray and socked with water. If defloculation is required ,sodium hexameta-phosphate, at least one hour. The slurry is then sieved through a 4.75 mm sieve, and wished with a jet of water. The material retained on the sieve is the gravel fraction. It dried in an oven ,and sieved through set of coarse sieve.