15-09-2014, 10:41 AM
Computer networking
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ABSTRACT
Computer networking is growing. Networking in computer field is used everywhere from home to large companies. Computer networking opens new career opportunities. With this site you can build your career in networking from basic. Our examples on computer networking give you depth knowledge starting from beginning such as definition of computer networking, components, terminology. Once you achieved basic networking knowledge our certification section present a wide range of networking certification metrical.
Networking certifications like CCNA, Comitia N+, RHCE, and MCSE enables a computing professional to pursue several different skill sets of information technology. Holding such certifications is undeniable proof that you possess the qualifications, the knowledge, and the skills that are necessary to be successful in the industry
computer network have become increasingly ubiquitous ,however with increase in network applications, there has also been an increase in difficult to manage and secure these network the proliferation of 802.11 wireless network has heightened this problem by extending network has heightened this problem by extending network beyond physical boundaries. We propose The use of spectral analysis to identify the types of wireless network interface cards(NIC) .
INTRODUCTION
A computer network consists of a collection of computers, printers and other equipment that is connected together so that they can communicate with each other. Gives an example of a network in a school comprising of a local area network or LAN connecting computers with each other, the internet, and various servers.
A central computer, or 'server', acts as the storage location for files and applications shared on the network. Usually the server is a higher than average performance computer. The server also controls the network access of the other computers which are referred to as the 'client' computers. Typically, teachers and students in a school will use the client computers for their work and only the network administrator (usually a designated staff member) will have access rights to the server.
A minimum of at least 2 computers Cables that connect the computers to each other, although wireless communication is becoming more common (see Advice Sheet 20 for more information) A network interface device on each computer (this is called a network interface card or NIC) A ‘Switch’ used to switch the data from one point to another. Hubs are outdated and are little used for new installations.
COMPUTER NETWORK
Computer network or data network is telecommunication network that allows computer to exchange data . In computer networks, networked computing devices pass data to each other along data connections. The connections (network links) between nodes are established using either cable media or wireless media. The best-known computer network is the internet.
Network computer devices that originate, route and terminate the data are called network nodes. Nodes can include hosts such as servers and personal computer, as well as networking hardware. Two devices are said to b e networked when a device is able to exchange information with another device
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Computer networks support applications such as access to the world wide web, shared use of application and storage serves ,printers, , and fax machines and use of email and instant messaging applications. Computer networks differ in the physical media used to transmit their signals, the communications protocols to organize network traffic, the network's size , topology and organizational internet.
Wired Network
Wired networks, also called Ethernet networks, are the most common type of local area network (LAN) technology. A wired network is simply a collection of two or more computers, printers, and other devices linked by Ethernet cables. Ethernet is the fastest wired network protocol, with connection speeds of 10 megabits per second (Mbps) to 100 Mbps or higher. Wired networks can also be used as part of other wired and wireless networks.
Wireless Networks
The term 'wireless network' refers to two or more computers communicating using standard network rules or protocols, but without the use of cabling to connect the computers together. Instead, the computers use wireless radio signals to send information from one to the other. A wireless local area network (WLAN) consists of two key components: an access point (also called a base station) and a wireless card. Information can be transmitted between these two components as long as they are fairly close together (up to 100 metes indoors or 350 metes outdoors).
INTERNET
The Internet is a global system of inter connected computer network that use the standard internet protocol l suite (TCP/IP) to serve several billion users worldwide. It Is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical net working technologies. The Internet carries an extensive range of information resources and services, such as th e inter-linnked hypertext documents of the World wide web (WWW), the infrastructure to support email, and peer-to-peer networks.
Most traditional communications media including telephone, music, film, and television are being reshaped or redefined by the Internet, giving birth to new services such as voice over internet protocol (VoIP) and internet protocol television (IPTV). Newspaper, book, and other print publishing are adapting to website technology, or are reshaped into blogging and web feeds . The Internet has enabled and accelerated new forms of human interactions through Instant, message internet forums, and social networking online shopping has boomed both for major retail outlets and small artisans and traders. Business-
SERVER
Server is a system (software and suitable computer hardware ) that responds to requests across a computer network to provide, or help to provide, a network service . Servers can be run on a dedicated computer, which is also often referred to as "the server", but many networked computers are capable of hosting servers. In many cases, a computer can provide several services and have several servers running.
Servers operate with in a client-server architecture. Servers are computer programs running to serve the requests of other programs, the clients. Thus, the server performs some tasks on behalf of clients. The clients typically connect to the server through the network but may run on the same computer . In the context of internet
CLIENT
A client is a piece of computer hardware or software that accesses a service made available by a server. The server is often (but not always) on another computer system, in which case the client accesses the service by way of a network The term applies to programs or devices that are part of a client-server model.
A client is a computer program that, as part of its operation, relies on sending a request to another computer program (which may or may not be located on another computer). For example, web browsers are clients that connect to web server and retrieve web pages for display. email retrieve email from mail server . Online chat uses a variety of clients, which vary depending on the chat protocol being used. Multi player game s or online video game may run as a client on each computer. The term "client" may also be applied to computers or devices that run the client software or users that use the client software.
A client is part of a client –server model, which is still used today. Clients and servers may be computer programs run on the same machine and connect via inter process communication techniques. Combined with internet sockets, programs may connect to a service operating on a possibly remote system through the internet protocol suite. Servers wait for potential clients to initiate connections that they may accept.
NETWORK CARD
A Network interface card, NIC, or Network card is an electronic component that connects a computer to a computer network, usually a LAN. It is considered a piece of computer hardware. Today, most computers are equipped with network cards
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Network cards enable a computer to exchange date with the network. To achieve the connection, network cards use a suitable protocol, for example CSMA/CD . Network cards usually Implemen t the first two layers of the OSL model, that is the physical layer, and the data link layer. Today , most network cards use Ethernet. Other network types are ARC Net, introduced in 1977
Some network cards do not use a cable to connect to the network, but an antena. They commonly use a number of protocols called IEEE802.11. People who are not computer scientist usually call IEEE802.11 Wireless LAN or Wi-Fi . Bluetooth is another way of wireless communication, usually over a short distance.
BENEFIT OF HAVING NETWORK COMPUTER
An advantage of computer work is that the work is able to be completed quickly and efficiently. With an Internet connection, the work can also be sent instantaneously to anyone anywhere in the world.
A disadvantage is that computer hardware often fails and people often forget to back up their work. This slows production and productivity.
you can share resources such as printers and data relatively easily. You can communicate to other users instantly
Look at the processing power of the computers. This number is expressed in GHz, or gigahertz. The higher the number, the faster the processing power. Faster processors are necessary