28-06-2012, 05:33 PM
Coal Gasification
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Gasification –summary of environmental impacts
CO2in a concentrated and pressurized form –more amenable to capture
No Sox, S is in the form of H2S, can be captured as a S-byproduct
Little NOx compared to combustion, below acceptable limits
Particulate emission within permissible limits
Heavy organics within acceptable limits
Coal ash mostly glassy, trace elements confined into slag into a non-leachable form
Mercury, if present in coal, can be captured using activated carbon bed
Gasifier temperature destroys Furans and Dioxins, if formed
Up to 25% less water usage than supercritical pfpower plants
Coal Gasification –Current Status
Several key players active in coal gasification …
General Electric –a major player in gas and steam turbines
•3 plants start-up in China in 2005-06 –coal-to-ammonia and methanol
•4 license agreements in China to work on coal-to-ammonia projects
•American Electric Power IGCC, Ohio –Commercial start-up in 2012
•American Electric Power IGCC, West Virginia –Commercial start-up in 2011
•Duke Energy IGCC, Indiana -Commercial start-up in 2011
•GE –BP, BP-Rio Tinto Joint Venture in Hydrogen Energy, GE-Bechtel tie-up for turnkey gasification offering
•Last week’s acquisition of Stamet Pumps –a significant boost for their offering now into the sub-bituminous to low-moisture lignites.
R&D requirements for Brazilian Coal
Indigenous research centre –coordinated closely with the coal industry and the government –not working in isolation on academic research only
Focusing on practical issues –coordinated with the users of the entire fuel chain –geological sector, coal mining industry and coal utilities
In the process develop the skill base in R&D in the country –to cater for the need of the industry
Development of Skill base in experimental area, modeling and analytical support
Networking with other research centres and universities elsewhere in the world.