21-08-2014, 11:11 AM
Collision Detection and Avoidance in
Railways Using WiMAX
Collision Detection.pdf (Size: 201.38 KB / Downloads: 91)
Abstract
— As we have already seen that the railway has done a lot of efforts for collision avoidance and
accidents prevention. Several techniques have been developed for avoiding such hazardous loss of life and
property. In this paper we have proposed an approach using latest 4G technology WiMAX (Worldwide
Interoperability for Microwave Access) i.e. IEEE802.16e standards for preventing train accidents. The
approach helps the train to know the location of its own with the help of Fixed WiMAX base stations
whose position is known. The approach doesn’t require extra GPS service for the purpose calculating
location like existing railway system uses. The WiMAX base station and the train (mobile stations)
contribute in sending the information to the trains whenever a train comes in its vicinity and range. The
trains will be equipped with WiMAX enabled laptops/Tablets for communicating with others. The speed
location and distance of other trains will be known in advance to make safe from being part of some
mishap. The technique will be more efficient and beneficial for avoiding situations like collision and
catastrophe hazards. The simulation is done in Qualnet 5.0 network simulator.
Keywords — ACD (Anti Collision Device), G
I. INTRODUCTION
As the railway network is considered to be the safest and easiest network. More than 10 billions of people and
1050 millions of freight travel by train annually. But nowadays, it is not that much safer as the lot of accidents
occur due to improper communication among the network [1, 2], wrong signaling, worst weather condition,
immediate route change. The train driver doesn’t get proper information on time and before time so that the
hazardous condition can occur and would lead to catastrophe [5]. This paper proposes an approach that will be
efficient in all the way. The approach will make use of WIMAX base station for sending and receiving the
information about trains
II. RELATED WORK
A lot of methods like GPS based Cab Signaling, Block Signaling, Automatic Train Control (ATP), and Railway
Collision Avoidance System (RCAS) and have been developed and used for avoiding collision and for getting
proper communication, but not that much worth. Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) has also developed
recently and Anti collision Device (ACD) is being developed and will be used till December 2013. Cab
signaling is used for this purpose, so that the position of the train can be noticed by the driver in the cab only
and correct decision can be taken before time. The circuit of all the tracks is provided at the station and gives the
information where and on which track train is moving. The circuit contains maps of all tracks laid, provided
with signal box indication and Leds to indicate the presence of a train. Optical fiber cable is running along the
track with 5-7 volts of running in it, and the signal boxes are placed at the interlocking of track, so that the
position of the train can be reflected in the track circuit which is situated in the station. On the basis of this the
station master takes the decision and asks the driver to do accordingly. The train driver also takes decisions on
the basis of the information displayed in the cab. The trains are equipped with GPS, so they can calculate their
position and calculate how far the other train will be.
I. LOOP HOLES IN EXISTING SYSTEM
The driver doesn’t know anything about what’s going around. He doesn’t have any information about other
trains. His only job is do see a signal aspect and follow that. And the signal aspect depends upon the ASM, so if
ASM gives wrong signal and gives wrong route accidents occur. Whole working is ASM dominant. The driver
cannot take any decision.
In fog or worst weather condition driver can’t able to see the signal and the situation would lead to accidents. .
PROPOSED METHOD
As IEEE 802.16e defines means for true mobility within an 802.16 wireless network. Determining an accurate
location for 802.16e devices requires information on radio parameters. In the proposed method WiMAX base
stations are placed along the track at equidistant. It is more like signal boxes placed at the interlocking to give
the signal to the train coming on that track. Trains are considered to be equipped with WiMAX enabled
Tablets/laptop’s consisting directional antenna. The train can calculate their location with the help of WiMAX
base station. As the base stations are fixed and located at fixed specified distances, so helps the train (mobile
node) to localize it. Train query base station and collects its information about the base station, neighbors,
distance and angle.
AUTHORS PROFILE
Ms. Anjali Jain is presently working in ABES Engineering College Ghaziabad. She is M. Tech in Computer
Science and Engineering from Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, U.P, India. She has
received B. Tech. degree from UPTU, Lucknow in Computer Science and Engineering. She has worked as a
lecturer in ABES Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad. Her area of interest is Computer Networking, Real-Time
System, Fault Tolerance and Mobile Computing. Her programming interest concerned in JAVA and C.