20-09-2012, 01:40 PM
Compressor Technology
Presentationcompressor(Perfect-RakeshMat.pdf (Size: 352.77 KB / Downloads: 145)
Compressor Classification
a) By principle of operation
b) By construction type
c) By staging
d) By service duty
e) Lubricated/ non lubricated
Dynamic or Turbo Compressors
(By imparting K.E. to air/gas and then
converting it into pressure)
Types are -
• Centrifugal or Radial Compressors
• Axial Flow Compressors
Classification by Duty
Critical Duty : Whereby stoppage of compressor will lead
to interruption in the process and heavy loss in terms of
production and would need elaborate start-up cycle
including, re-heating recharging the catalyst etc.
Utility Duty: Is basically for those applications where in
even if the compressor is shut the plant operation will not
be terminated
Lubricated or Non Lube Compressors
Lubricated Compressors : Where the gas is mixed with
lubricant
Non Lubricated Compressors: Where process gas or air
remains uncontaminated by the the lubricant during the
compression process
Reciprocating Compressors-
Advantages:
- simple & open in construction
- site repairs possible
-do not require specialist at site
-not effected by changes in ambient conditions
-no adverse effect due to changes in the gas mol. Wt.
-single and multistage with inter-cooling
-achieve very high pressure ratios
-low & medium speed machines (250 - 1200 rpm), low noise level
-cooling of cylinder jackets & inter-cooling keeps temp. down and saves power
-non lubricated cylinders by using special piston/ rider rings
Disdvantages:
-Maintenance prone mainly valves, piston/rider rings
-Large bulky foundation
-Long installation time
-In fact large compressors are assembled at site
-Hooking up of auxiliaries such lube oil console, tempered c/w
console for cyl. Jacket cooling, mounting of pulsation separators etc.
-Pulsating flow requires costly piping and flow analysis
-Step-less capacity regulation not possible
-Loss in capacity with operation
-Standby machines required