26-05-2012, 03:17 PM
Computer Vision Report
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Abstract.
The purpose of this report is to investigate the field of computer
vision and its applications as well as give an overview on human computer
interaction and its definition and finally introduce eye tracking technology and
take a look on its applications.
Introduction to Computer Vision
Computer vision is the science and technology of machines that see [1].
Vision is therefore one of the problems of computer science most worthy of
investigation because we know that it can be solved, yet we do not know how to
solve it well. In fact, to solve the "general vision problem" we will have to come
up with answers to deep and fundamental questions about representation and
computation at the core of human intelligence [2].
Computer vision is concerned with modeling and replicating human vision using
computer soft ware and hardware (Figure1). It combines knowledge in computer
science, electrical engineering, mathematics, physiology, biology, and cognitive
science. It needs knowledge from all these fields in order to understand and
simulate the operation of the human vision system.
What is Computer Vision?
Trucco and Verri: computing properties of the 3D world from one or more
digital images [5].
Sockman and Shapiro: To make useful decisions about real physical objects
and scenes based on sensed images [5].
Ballard and Brown: The construction of explicit, meaningful description of
physical objects from images [5].
Forsyth and Ponce: Extracting descriptions of the world from pictures or
sequences of pictures” [5].
So, Computer vision (Automatic understanding of images and video [19].) is a
discipline that studies how to reconstruct, interpret and understand a 3D scene
from its 2D images in terms of the properties of the structures present in the
scene [4].
As a Scientific Discipline, computer vision is concerned with the theory behind
artificial systems that extract information from images [1].
As a Technological Discipline, computer vision seeks to apply its theories and
models to the construction of computer vision systems [1] [3] Examples of
Computer Vision Systems are used for:
Controlling processes (e.g., an industrial robot).
Navigation (e.g. by an autonomous vehicle or mobile robot).
Detecting events (e.g., for visual surveillance or people counting).
Organizing information (e.g., for indexing databases of images and image
sequences).
Modeling objects or environments (e.g., medical image analysis or
topographical modeling).
Interaction (e.g., as the input to a device for computer-human interaction).
Automatic Inspection ( e.g. in manufacturing applications).