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National Knowledge Network(NKN).
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INTRODUCTION
Welcome to the website of the National Knowledge Network(NKN). The NKN is a state-of-the-art multi-gigabit pan-India network for providing a unified high speed network backbone for all knowledge related institutions in the country. The purpose of such a knowledge network goes to the very core of the country's quest for building quality institutions with requisite research facilities and creating a pool of highly trained professionals. The NKN will enable scientists, researchers and students from different backgrounds and diverse geographies to work closely for advancing human development in critical and emerging areas. The NKN comprises of an ultra-high speed CORE (multiples of 10 Gbps), complimented with a distribution layer at appropriate speeds. Participating institutions at the Edge will connect to the National Knowledge Network seamlessly at speeds of 1 Gbps or higher. The network is designed to support Overlay Networks, Dedicated Networks, and Virtual Networks. Advanced applications in areas such as Health, Education, Science & Technology, Grid Computing, Bio informatics, Agriculture, and Governance will be an integral part of NKN. The entire network will seamlessly integrate with the global scientific community at multiple gigabits per second speed.
The purpose of such a knowledge network goes to the very core of the country's quest to build quality institutions with requisite research facilities and create a pool of highly trained persons. The NKN while impacting the existing academic and student community will also alter the R&D landscape for future generations.The idea of setting up the NKN was deliberated & finalised at the office of Principal Scientific Advisor (PSA) to the Government of India (GoI) and the National Knowledge Commission (NKC) after a collaborative engagement with the key stakeholders including experts, potential users, telecom service providers, educational and research institutions. The discussions resulted in a consensus for an optimal approach to be adopted for setting up such a network, to provide a unified backbone for all the sectors. Government of India has constituted a High Level Committee (HLC) for establishment of NKN, under the Chairmanship of the PSA to GoI. National Informatics Centre has been designated as implementing agency for NKN. The vision of NKN has been translated into an action plan by the Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) set up by the HLC. NKN was approved in March 2010 by the Cabinet with an outlay of ` 5990 Crores. As a forerunner of NKN Initial phase has been successfully executed by National Informatics Centre (NIC). The architecture of NKN has been designed for reliability, availability & scalability. The network consists of an ultra-high speed core, starting with multiple 2.5/10 G and progressively moving towards 40/100 Gigabits per Second (Gbps). The core is complimented with a distribution layer covering all districts at appropriate speeds. The participating institutions at the edge would seamlesslyconnect to NKN at gigabit speed. The NKN shall be a critical information infrastructure for India to evolve as a knowledge society. NKN is a significant step which will enable scientists, researchers and students from across the country to work together for advancing human development in critical and emerging areas.
OBJECTIVES
NationalKnowledge Network (NKN) project is aimed atestablishing a strong and robust internal Indian network whichwill be capable of providing secure and reliable connectivity.Using NKN, all vibrant institutions with vision and passion will be able to transcend space and time limitations in accessing information and knowledge and derive the associated benefits for themselves and for the society. Establishing NKN is a significant step towards ushering in a knowledge revolution in the country with connectivity to 1500+ institutions. NKN is intended to connect all the knowledge and research institutions in the country using high bandwidth / low latency network. Globally, frontier research and innovation are shifting towards multidisciplinary and collaborative paradigm and require substantial communication and computational power. In India, NKN with its multi-gigabit capability aims to connect all universities, research institutions, libraries, laboratories, healthcare and agricultural institutions across the country to address such paradigm shift. The leading mission oriented agencies in the fields of nuclear, space and defence research are also part of NKN. By facilitating the flow of information and knowledge, the network addresses the critical issue of access and create a new paradigm of collaboration to enrich the research efforts in the country. The network design is based on a proactive approach that takes into account the future requirements and new possibilities that this infrastructure may unfold, both in terms of usage and perceived benefits. This will bring about a knowledge revolution that will be instrumental in transforming society and promoting inclusive growth.NKN is designed as a Smart Ultra High Bandwidth network that seamlessly interconnects the leading Scientific and Technological institutions - which are pursuing world-class research and development. NKN design is inherently proactive; it takes into account the requirements that may occur in the near term and long term.
FEATURES
NKN is designed as a Smart Ultra High Bandwidth network that seamlessly interconnects the leading Scientific and Technological institutions - which are pursuing world-class research and development. NKN design is inherently proactive; it takes into account the requirements that may occur in the near term and long term.
Some of the salient features of the NKN are:
1.Establishing Connectivity for Knowledge and information sharing.
2.Enabling Collaborative Research in emerging areas such as Climate Modelling.
3.Facilitating distance education in specialized fields such as medicine, emerging high tech areas covering info-bio-nano technology.
4.Facilitating an ultra high speed e-governance backbone for information sharing.
5.NKN will also act as a test bed for research in the area of network, security and delivery models for various services. As NKN is a new initiative, it will leverage existing initiatives, to ensure faster roll out with modest investment.
6.NKN will provide a common platform to the scientists, researchers, doctors, scholars and students to work together for advancing human development.
7.The architecture of NKN has been designed for reliability, availability & scalability.
8.The NKN is a state-of-the-art multi-gigabit pan-India network for providing a unified high speed network backbone for all knowledge related institutions in the country.
TEAMS & SERVICES
The initial impetus for creating the National Knowledge Network was provided by the office of Principal Scientific Advisor to the Government of India, and the National Knowledge Commission. Given the critical nature of the initiative, NKN was recognized as a priority and supported by the President and the Prime Minister. Subsequently, a large number of stakeholders including Experts, Potential Users, Telecom Service Providers, Educational and Research Institutions collaborated extensively to develop the NKN.
The task of operationalizing the NKN was entrusted to a High Level Committee constituted by the Department of Information Technology, with support from a Technical Advisory Committee.
HLC COMMITTEE
The HLC acts as the enabling agency for the implementation of the NKN. It has successfully translated the vision of Department of Information Technology into a concrete implementation plan for the establishment of the NKN. Besides providing the strategic direction, HLC also coordinates and monitors the activities pertaining to the NKN. In the recent past, the HLC has played a pivotal role in the resolution of key challenges faced by the implementation team.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
NKN being a time bound project, it was felt that the decisions on issues that might arise during its implementation, need to be answered in a timely manner. In order to achieve this, the Chairman HLC, suggested constituting an Executive Committee. The Executive Committee under the Chairmanship of Dr R. Chidambaram would be responsible for taking decisions on implementation issues.
TECHNICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE
In the First Meeting of the High Level Committee for Establishment of National Knowledge Network held on May 16, 2008, it was recommended that a Technical Advisory Committee under the chairmanship of Prof S V Raghavan be formed. This Expert Group, under the chairmanship of Prof S V Raghavan, was to draft a blue print for setting up a Knowledge Network which included the architecture of the Network, the ways and means for its implementation and the financial implication for setting up of such a network. This group met several times to prepare the detailed project report on NKN and was presented to the HLC for its approval. NKN's Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) has been the driving force behind the design and architecture of the NKN. TAC has been continually ensuring that NKN is designed for high reliability, availability and scalability, keeping in mind the unique requirements of the network in future.
CONNECTIVITY:
The backbone of the network starts from 2.5 Gbps and progressively moves onto 10 Gbps connectivity between 7 Supercore (fully meshed) locations pan India. The network is further spread out through 26 Core locations with multiple of 2.5/10 Gbps partially meshed connectivity with Supercore locations. The distribution layer connects entire country to the core of the network using multiple links at speeds of 2.5/10 Gbps. The end users are being connected upto a speed of 1 Gbps. The network architecture and governance structure allows users with options to connect to the distribution layer as well. NKN enables creation of Virtual Private Networks (VPN) as well for special interest groups. NKN provides international connectivity to its users for global collaborative research. Presently, NKN is connected to Trans Eurasia Information Network (TEIN3). Similar connectivity to GLORIAD network is in the pipeline.
CERN-Large Hadron Collider
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is a large scientific instrument near Geneva, spanning the border between Switzerland and France about 100 m underground. It is a particle accelerator used by physicists to study the smallest known particles, the fundamental building blocks of all things. It will revolutionise our understanding, from the minuscule world deep within atoms to the vastness of the Universe.
Two beams of subatomic particles called 'hadrons' either protons or lead ions will travel in opposite directions inside the circular accelerator, gaining energy with every lap. Physicists will use the LHC to recreate the conditions just after the Big Bang, by colliding the two beams head-on at very high energy. Teams of physicists from around the world will analyse the particles created in the collisions using special detectors in a number of experiments dedicated to the LHC.
The Large Hadron Collider will produce roughly 15 petabytes (15 million gigabytes) of data annually, enough to fill more than 1.7 million dual-layer DVDs a year! Thousands of scientists around the world want to access and analyse this data, so CERN is collaborating with institutions in 34 different countries to operate a distributed computing and data storage infrastructure: the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG).
Open Source Drug Discovery
OSDD is a CSIR-led Team India consortium with a global partnership. It's vision is to provide affordable healthcare to the developing world by providing a global platform where the best minds can collaborate & collectively endeavor to solve the complex problems associated with discovering novel therapies for neglected tropical diseases like malaria, tuberculosis, leishmaniasis, etc. It is a concept to collaboratively aggregate the biological and genetic information available to scientists in order to hasten the discovery of drugs. This will provide a unique opportunity for scientists, doctors, technocrats, students and others with diverse expertise to work for a common cause.
The success of open source models in Information Technology (For e.g. Web Technology, The Linux Operating System) and Biotechnology (For e.g. Human Genome Project) sectors, highlights the urgent need to initiate a similar model in healthcare, i.e. an open source model for drug discovery.
CONCLUSION
The NKN is a state-of-the-art multi-gigabit pan-India network for providing a unified high speed network backbone for all knowledge related institutions in the country.The purpose of such a knowledge network goes to the very core of the country's quest for building quality institutions with requisite research facilities and creating a pool of highly trained professionals. The NKN will enable scientists, researchers and students from different backgrounds and diverse geographies to work closely for advancing human development in critical and emerging areas. The NKN comprises of an ultra-high speed CORE (multiples of 10 Gbps), complimented with a distribution layer at appropriate speeds. Participating institutions at the Edge will connect to the National Knowledge Network seamlessly at speeds of 1 Gbps or higher. The network is designed to support Overlay Networks, Dedicated Networks, and Virtual Networks. Advanced applications in areas such as Health, Education, Science & Technology, Grid Computing, Bio informatics, Agriculture, and Governance will be an integral part of NKN. The entire network will seamlessly integrate with the global scientific community at multiple gigabits per second speed.