07-10-2016, 01:51 PM
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ABSTRACT: The data transfer between two pen drives without the use of PC is made possible by this proposed system. Generally we used to transfer data between two pen drives by using laptops or desktops. But it is not always possible to carry such a large size device to the particular location. So to overcome this problem, we are designing a hardware which is more compact to carry anywhere. The aim of the proposed system is to remove the every time need of the computer for the data transfer. This user friendly device is actually recognized by its connection type-the BUS; called the universal serial bus. The data transfer is done with the help of raspberry pi.In the block diagram we can observe whenever we insert the pen drive into the port then an signal will be sent to the raspberry pi indicating the source pen drive is inserted so now the processor will start fetching the data from the source pen drive into the buffer and the processor waits for the signal from destination pendive.When the processor gets the signal from the destination pen drive now the processor is ready to transfer the data between those. All these things are viewed in the display. In addition the data can be selected with the help of touch screen. The functionalities of the developed device includes: copy, delete and move of files. The developed device is very attractive in its shape and performance.
INTRODUCTION:
Several data and application are developed daily which common computer user has to transfer from one USB flash device to another, with the minimum wastage of time. For this user has to first find a computer then wait for it to bootup, then plug in his device, and then transfer the data. Different types of USB ash devices are used now-a-days.it is not necessary that all of these devices are supported by the computer and the operating system and their device drivers are available and installed. Carrying a computer or a laptop just for the sake of data transfer is not affordable these days in the age when people want all devices to be handy. More over, transferring data via a computer involves a lot of power to be wasted,since the computer has to be entirely functional before it can transfer data.also,the threat of viruses and malware has made the life of computer users more complicated. These viruses get activated as soon as the device is plugged into the system and get copied along with other data from one ash device into another. Our project here can provide a valuable solution to all problems faced by person in above situations. Our aim is to build a small and handy device to transfer data from one USB flash device to another.
• The device will have following features:
• Small, lightweight and handy device.
• Powered by 9V battery.
• Support for all USB Flash devices formatted
• with File Allocation Table (FAT32) file
• System.
• Support for USB 2.0.
• Plug and Go function.
REQUIREMENT OF THE SYSTEM:
The motivation of the conceptual design of USB to USB Bridge was an answer to a question; what can be the solution to make the computer independent data transfer using USB? The only available answer resulted is that develop a system that will perform the same task as that of the computer. Making a system that will do the tasks of a computer – made us to think a little because the answer directly suggests implementing a system that will handle USB protocol along with the other processes. The whole system has been build around these requirements.
Requirement 1: The first and very basic need was to have a look over the USB protocol. The protocol is easy to use but is somewhat difficult to implement in high and full speed modes.
Requirement 2: The data transfer speeds of the bridge should be commercially competitive.
Requirement 3: The USB to USB Bridge will be placed on a low end of user systems by commercial launch. The product needs to survive the market demands.
• Interface
Why USB when there are lot many interfaces available in the industry? The answer lies within the advantages that USB provides over the other interfaces and the number of USB devices in the digital world. USB is an easy to use interface. From the developers as well as users point of view, it is has the advantages like ease of use and ease of accessibility.
• Processor
In the proposed system, data transfer is the main task. Thus, the system needs a processor that will handle the data transfer and related processes speedily. The processor should have a USB host with drivers available for it. The operating system used by the processor plays a major in
the development of the system. The processors from raspberry pi were standing above all considering the demands of the embedded product. The raspberry pi’ is made for embedded design. The flexibility and choices in interfaces as well as robustness provided by the raspberry pi is very high as compared to others.
IMPLEMENTATION:
Hardware
The hardware selection and implementation is very important. The main hardware of the system is the processor. As the system will be used by different us so along with the processor the other user interfaces will be needed. Here, in the system, Touch Screen is used to provide menu driven system that will put the options onscreen.
RASPBERRY PI BOARD
The Raspberry Pi is a development board. It can be used for many of the electronic projects .Raspberry Pi is a small, powerful development board to help educate a new generation of programmers and electronics engineer’s .The Raspberry Pi has a ARM11 processor. The board has no internal storage or built-in it requires an SD-Card but you can create your own preloaded card using any suitable SD card you have and create your own project .It has two USB ports and that's make the use of it easy to connect USB directly.
ARM MICROCONTROLLER
ARM is a family of instruction set architectures based on a reduced instruction set computing architecture .ARM stands for Advanced RISC Machine. Actually uses two instruction sets – the 32-bit and the 16-bit instructions set makes use of implied operands and reduced functionality to reduce code size.
ARM designs microprocessor technology that lies at the heart of advanced digital products, from mobile phones and digital cameras to games consoles and automotive systems, low-cost.
Arm microcontroller is very important part of the project that can do a lot of things such as monitoring and controlling the loads.
USB 2.0
USB was initially designed to be an interface for communicating with many types of peripherals without the limits and frustrations of older interfaces. It is a very
useful protocol designed for a computer to communicate with almost any type of peripheral. The VCC and Ground are the power supply signals to the device. D+ and D- are the data lines through which actual data transfer takes place. Both D+ and D- are bidirectional lines, both carrying data in a single direction at a time and data is modulated into deferential voltage levels to be transferred over them. The directions of D+ and D- are reversed in TDM manner to transmit and receive data.USB is a master-slave bus with one master and multiple slaves. The master is called a host and the slaves are the peripherals. Only the host has the ability to initiate the data transfers; the slaves only respond to the host's instructions-they
never initiate transfers. The communication made by USB is based on logical channels - known as „pipes‟. The connections established are 1 to 1 for the endpoints in pipes. A USB device can have 32 endpoints- two of which
are reserved. So a total of 30 are present for normal use.The data transfer is having four types:
1. Interrupt transfers: for the devices needing quick but guaranteed response(e.g. pointing device)
2. Isochronous transfers: For some fixed data rate butdata loss may take place(e.g. audio, video)
3. Control transfers: used for simple status check.
4. Bulk transfers: uses available bandwidth with no fixed data rate (e.g. file transfer).
Depending on the type of data transfer, there are two types of pipes: stream and message. The stream pipe is connected to a unidirectional endpoint for the interrupt, isochronous and bulk data transfer modes. The message pipe is connected to bidirectional endpoint for control data transfer.
RS -232 CABLE
RS-232 is a serial communication transmission of data its defined the signals connecting between data terminal equipment and data communication equipment.
The RS-232 standard is commonly used in computer serial ports. The standard defines the electrical characteristics and timing of signals, the meaning of signals, and the physical size and pin out of connectors. We use the RS 232 in our project to connect the Raspberry pi to the Lcd screen through USB port .
LCD
To provide User interface, the bridge uses the LCD (Liquid Crystal Display). The contents of the mass storage device are displayed on the LCD. This helps the user to view and select the files or folders of interest from the USB device. Also the options like select, copy for data transfer are put on to the LCD.
USB HUB
With the USB hub you can add more USB pen drive to the board . It allows the uses of the device to connect up two USB peripherals .The USB hub is fully compliant to USB 2.0 specifications with data transfer rates of up to 480 Mbps1. It is an ideal solution for transferring data between the board and USB pen drive.
SOFTWARE
The OS is needed for the system as all the initializations, drivers, data and flow control, error handling, resource sharing as well as multitasking is possible only with the help of a good operating system. A PYTHON can actually be adapted to work with as little as 256 KB ROM and 512 KB RAM. So it's a lightweight operating system to bring to the embedded market. Drivers and other features can be either compiled in or added to the kernel at run-time as loadable modules.
ARCHITECTURE OF THE SYSTEM:
Implementation Algorithm
Select the suitable development board.
Port the OS and install the USB device driver.
Connect the USB device to check functionality
Interface the LCD as a User interfaces.
Check the communication between the USB device and the board.
Explore the device contents on LCD.
Select a particular file, and by using the option
COPY, copy that file to destination device using touch screen.
The selected file is then copied into destination USB device that is connected in one of the two USB
If another copy operation is to be performed, go to step v.
Terminate the process.
WORKING OF THE SYSTEM:
a) System Flow
The system allows the user to select files or folders/directories for copying from a source USB drive to a user selectable directory in the destination USB drive. The USB drive has four pins. The VCC and Ground are the power supply signals to the device. D+ and D- are the data lines through which actual data transfer takes place.
Both D+ and D- are bidirectional lines, both carrying data in a single direction at a time and data is modulated into deferential voltage levels to be transferred over them. The directions of D+ and D- are reversed in TDM manner to transmit and receive data.[9] It is connectivity with peer-to-peer communication. The system allows the user to select files or folders/directories for copying from a source flash drive to a user selectable directory in the destination flash drive. In addition, the system is able to check if there is sufficient memory space for the file/folder/directory to be copied onto the destination USB drive; if not, the system requests the user to delete some files or folder/directories to free some memory in the destination USB drive.
b) Execution of the task
First step show the initialization of the system. Next step defines the initialization of the USB peripheral and system components. The steps ahead define the exploring and selecting the operation. The second last step shows the operation completion whereas the last step shows the termination of the process.
CONCLUSION:
USB to USB data transfer without connecting to PC allows a user to transfer data between two USB’s when there is no PC available. It is user friendly and handy device. This portable kit consumes less power. It also allows the data transfer between Bluetooth enabled device and USB device. Transferring the data through USB in today’s scenario is the most common task. But the problem is that for transferring the data to a personal computer or laptop is difficult if u don’t have any of them. It is affordable to purchase a USB data drive than purchasing a laptop or PC. Therefore we came up with a handled battery operated affordable device which can transfer the data between two USB data drives without the help of PC or laptop. The advantage of this device is that it is battery operated so there is no need of power supply connection and data transfer can take place at any place. Currently we have design the system for transfer of data up to 2GB only, but it can be increased by proper selection of the bus.