16-05-2012, 01:33 PM
DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY AND ITS RECENT MODALITIES
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Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD)
worldwide. More than 40% of new cases of patients treated for ESRD in the United States are due to diabetes, mostly type 2 diabetes, and the proportion of diabetes patients referred for treatment of ESRD has increased dramatically during the last 2 decades. The earliest clinical manifestation is microalbuminuria. Tight blood glucose and blood pressure control reduce the risk of microalbuminuria.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has predicted the number of patients with diabetes to increase worldwide from 100 million patients today to 360 million patients in 2030.The earliest national study reported an overall prevalence of 2.1 % in urban areas and 1.5% in rural areas
The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimates the total number of diabetic subjects to be around 40.9 million in India and this is further set to rise to 69.9 million by the year 2025.
MODALITIES: The goals of treatment are to keep the kidney disease from getting worse and prevent complications.
o DN is the primary diagnosis in 25 to 50% of people starting renal replacement therapy for ESRD.
o Screening for Albuminuria
o Effect of Glycemic Control
o Use of Antihypertensive Agents
o Protein Restriction
o Optimal control of blood glucose and blood pressure.
o Other aspects of treatment