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Aluminum production – The Bayer Process
• Aluminum is the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust .
Still, its price is , relatively, not so cheap. Why?
• Bauxite is an aluminum ore that consists primarily of aluminum oxide and aluminum
hydroxide minerals, mixed with two iron oxides, the clay mineral kaolinite and small amounts
of anatase
• Aluminum is produced via Bayer process: Digestion , Crystallization, Calcination
Aluminum production – The Bayer Process
• The alumina particles are dissolved in a molten salt- cryolite at 10000C.
• The Aluminum is than electrochemically reduced over an iron electrode.
Why Aluminum is attractive as an anode material?
Element Capacity (Ah/g)
Lithium 3.86
Aluminum 2.98
Magnesium 2.20
Zinc 0.82
Specific gravimetric capacity
Element Capacity (Ah/ml)
Aluminum 8.04
Zinc 5.85
Magnesium 3.83
Lithium 2.06
Specific volumetric capacity
Aluminum posses an impressive specific gravimetric capacity and more
impressive volumetric capacity