28-01-2013, 11:22 AM
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS DESIGN
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ABSTRACT
Children need embedded system to play smart video games and to operate automatic chocolate-vending machine! Young people need embedded systems to borrow smart cards from parents to see movies! Housewives need embedded systems for smart Internet-compliant home appliances, such as, microwave, television, music system and so on. The drivers need it for automatic cruise control of a car. Organizations require embedded systems for network systems and products. If we look around, we will find ourselves to be surrounded uncountable examples of the applications of embedded systems. The designing of these embedded systems can be known from the “Embedded systems design” i.e., a plan produce to show the look and functioning of embedded systems.
“An Embedded system is a system that has embedded software and computer-hardware, which makes it a system dedicated for an applications (or) specific part of an application (or) a part of a larger system”
The design stages ranges from abstraction to detailed designing to verification activities. The design process of embedded system is each problem component is first abstracted for example, in the design of a robotic system; the problem of abstraction can be in terms of control of arms and motors. Architectures should be well understood before a design. Extra functionalities required in the system being developed should be well understood from the design. Families of related systems developed earlier should be taken into consideration during design. Modular design concepts should be used, system designing is fast by decomposition of software into modules that are to be implemented, and modules should be such that they can be coupled (or) integrated later. Effective modular design should ensure effective function independence, cohesion & coupling and also modules should be clearly understood and should maintain continuity. Software design consists of architecture design, data design, interface design and component level design. User interface design is an important part of design. User interfaces are designed as per user requirements, analysis of the environment and system functions for example, in an automatic chocolate vending machine system, the user interface is an LCD multiline graphics display .It can display a welcome message as well as specify the coins needed to be inserted into the machine for each type of chocolate. The same system may be designed with touch screen user interface or it may be designed with voice user interfaces .Any of these interface designs have to be validated by the customer and further each component and module design needs to be refined iteratively till it becomes the most appropriate by the software team before the production of system. Continuous refinement in design can be made by effective communication between designers and implementers.