30-10-2012, 01:21 PM
ENERGY CONSERVATION BY USING AEROGELS
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INTRODUCTION AEROGELS.docx (Size: 291.66 KB / Downloads: 51)
HISTORY
Aerogel was invented some time between 1930 by Dr. Samuel Stephen Kistler.
Actual commercial production was
not done till late 1990s.
WHAT IS AEROGEL …?
Aerogel is defined as a group of extremely light and porous solid materials.
96% air and 4% solid.
Porosities up to 99.9%
Nickname is “solid smoke”
or “frozen smoke”.
SPECIAL PROPERTIES OF AEROGEL
Extraordinarily strong in compression
Very high thermal insulation
Low sound velocity
Very low density
High shock/blast absorption
Melting point 1,473 °K (1,200 °C or 2,192 °F)
High specific surface area
Pores of few nanometers to several microns
RECORDS HELD BY AEROGEL
Lowest density solid (0.0011 g /cm3)
Lowest optical index of refraction (1.002)
Lowest thermal conductivity (0.016 W/m- °K)
Lowest speed of sound through a material (70 m/s)
Lowest dielectric constant from 3-40 GHz (1.008)
APPLICATIONS
SPACE APPLICATIONS
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS
THERMAL APPLICATIONS ( Super insulator)
ACOUSTICAL AND MECHANICAL APPLICATIONS
OPTICAL PROPERTY APPLICATIONS
HIGH POROSITY APPLICATIONS
ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS
Carbon aerogels as electrode materials for batteries,
capacitors and fuel cells.
Thin aerogel films are almost ideal dielectrics for ultra-fast integrated circuits.
Bulk aerogels for microwave electronics and HV insulators.
Purification process using carbon aerogel.
ACOUSTICAL AND MECHANICAL APPLICATIONS
Low sound velocity
Low mechanical impedance
Elastic
Light weight
strong in compression
Applications
Acoustic impedance matching in ultrasonic distance sensors
Sound proof rooms
Energy absorber
Hypervelocity particle trap
FUTURE SCOPE
Mechanically strong aerogels
Aerogels of new compositions for sensors and energy production.
Advanced super capacitors.
Americas Fortune magazine's “Technology to Watch" column mentioned 800 potential products that could be manufactured out of aerogels.
CONCLUSION
Aerogel will probably be a common household name in the next decade although it is not yet ready for commercial use.
Energy conservation can be possible by using aerogels due to their unique properties.