14-08-2012, 11:01 AM
EYE BLINK SENSOR & ACCIDENT PREVENTION
p-2700--Eyeblink_sensor_in_vehicle.doc (Size: 208 KB / Downloads: 52)
.Introduction
“Driving to save lives, time, and money in spite of the conditions around you and the actions of others.”- This is the slogan for Defensive Driving.
Vehicle accidents are most common if the driving is inadequate. These happen on most factors if the driver is drowsy or if he is alcoholic. Driver drowsiness is recognized as an important factor in the vehicle accidents. It was demonstrated that driving performance deteriorates with increased drowsiness with resulting crashes constituting more than 20% of all vehicle accidents. But the life lost once cannot be re-winded. Advanced technology offers some hope avoid these up to some extent.
This project involves measure and controls the eye blink using IR sensor. The IR transmitter is used to transmit the infrared rays in our eye. The IR receiver is used to receive the reflected infrared rays of eye. If the eye is closed means the output of IR receiver is high otherwise the IR receiver output is low. This to know the eye is closing or opening position. This output is give to logic circuit to indicate the alarm.
This project involves controlling accident due to unconscious through Eye blink. Here one eye blink sensor is fixed in vehicle where if anybody looses conscious and indicate through alarm.
A car simulator study was designed to collect physiological data for validation of this technology. Methodology for analysis of physiological data, independent assessment of driver drowsiness and development of drowsiness detection algorithm by means of sequential fitting and selection of regression models is presented.
System Model:
Basic Model of the System:
The block diagram depicts the total blue print of the proposed project. The total essence and the functioning of the project is represented in a single block diagram. The block diagram mainly consists of 4 parts. They include
• LM358 Comparator
• Eye Blink Sensor
• LCD
• 8051 Microcontroler
• Buzzer
parts Of The System:
.IR Sensing Circuit:
Infrared transmitter is one type of LED which emits infrared rays generally called as IR Transmitter. Similarly IR Receiver is used to receive the IR rays transmitted by the IR transmitter. One important point is both IR transmitter and receiver should be placed straight line to each other.
The transmitted signal is given to IR transmitter whenever the signal is high, the IR transmitter LED is conducting it passes the IR rays to the receiver. The IR receiver is connected with comparator. The comparator is constructed with LM 358 operational amplifier. In the comparator circuit the reference voltage is given to inverting input terminal. The non inverting input terminal is connected IR receiver. When interrupt the IR rays between the IR transmitter and receiver, the IR receiver is not conducting. So the comparator non inverting input terminal voltage is higher then inverting input. Now the comparator output is in the range of +5V. This voltage is given to microcontroller or PC and led so led will glow.
When IR transmitter passes the rays to receiver, the IR receiver is conducting due to that non inverting input voltage is lower than inverting input. Now the comparator output is GND so the output is given to microcontroller or PC. This circuit is mainly used to for counting application, intruder detector etc.