14-12-2012, 01:52 PM
EyeBot
EyeBot.docx (Size: 112.39 KB / Downloads: 23)
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVE
An area with one of the major technological developments is robotics. Advances in this field have allowed the design of robots that have made easier certain human activities, currently this kind of activities wouldn’t be carrying out without the help of a robot. A robot perceives signals from his surrounding environment using transducers, these elements can register pressure, temperature, humidity, light intensity, among others, in general some kind of radiation or vibration. Using these elements, a robot can interact with his environment. The use of these transducers, an appropriate electronic design and software development give the robot certain level of autonomy. The proposed control system is based on the technology of “EyeBot” due to it is equipped with elements that allow the implementation of a robotic system such as infrared sensors, encoders, dc motors, servomotors and serial port, among others; furthermore “Eyebot” programming can be done in high level and functional libraries oriented to robotics are included. “Eyebot” is in charge of providing the control and processing for the signals generated by the transducers. The “EyeBot” architecture provides enough resources for the development of the software needed to treat the sensors signals and to carry out the appropriate action for the robot.
INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDEDSYSTEMS
EMBEDDED SYSTEM:
Embedded System is a combination of hardware and software used to achieve a single specific task. An embedded system is a microcontroller-based, software driven, reliable, real-time control system, autonomous, or human or network interactive, operating on diverse physical variables and in diverse environments and sold into a competitive and cost conscious market.
An embedded system is not a computer system that is used primarily for processing, not a software system on PC or UNIX, not a traditional business or scientific application. High-end embedded & lower end embedded systems. High-end embedded system - Generally 32, 64 Bit Controllers used with OS. Examples Personal Digital Assistant and Mobile phones etc .Lower end embedded systems - Generally 8,16 Bit Controllers used with an minimal operating systems and hardware layout designed for the specific purpose. Examples Small controllers and devices in our everyday life like Washing Machine, Microwave Ovens, where they are embedded in.
RTS CLASSIFICATION:
• Hard Real Time Systems
• Soft Real Time System
HARD REAL TIME SYSTEM:
• "Hard" real-time systems have very narrow response time.
• Example: Nuclear power system, Cardiac pacemaker.
SOFT REAL TIME SYSTEM:
• "Soft" real-time systems have reduced constrains on "lateness" but still must operate very quickly and repeatable.
Example: Railway reservation system – takes a few extra seconds the data remains valid.
Power supply:
The Entire Project (both TX and RX side) needs power for its operation. However, from the study of this project it comes to know that we supposed to design 5v and 12v dc power supply. So by utilizing the following power supply components required power has been gained. (230/12v (1A and 500mA) – Step down transformers, Bridge rectifier to converter ac to dc, booster capacitor and +5v (7805) and +12v (7812) regulator to maintain constant 5v & 12 supply for the controller circuit and driver circuit).
ZIG-Bee:
Zig-Bee is the set of specs built around the IEEE 802.15.4 wireless protocol. The IEEE is the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. They are a non-profit organization dedicated to furthering technology involving electronics and electronic devices. The 802 group is the section of the IEEE involved in Information technology—Telecommunications and information exchange between systems—Local and metropolitan area networks including mid-sized networks. Group 15.4 deals specifically with wireless networking (Wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)) technologies.
Dc motor:
A DC motor is an electric motor that runs on direct current (DC) electricity. DC motors were used to run machinery, often eliminating the need for a local steam engine or internal combustion engine. DC motors can operate directly from rechargeable batteries, providing the motive power for the first electric vehicles. Today DC motors are still found in applications as small as toys and disk drives, or in large sizes to operate steel rolling mills and paper machines. Modern DC motors are nearly always operated in conjunction with power electronic devices. Two important performance parameters of DC motors are the Motor constants, Kv and Km The brushed DC electric motor generates torque directly from DC power supplied to the motor by using internal commutation, stationary magnets (permanent or electromagnets), and rotating electrical magnets.