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BRIEF INTRODUCTION:
This project “FABRICATION OF HYDRAULIC TROLLEY TYPE JACK” is one of
the most flexible machines on the market, allowing the fabricator or ironworker to shear,
punch, bend, scroll, and press thousands of different parts. When considering industrial
machinery, the hydraulic trolley is the perfect machine shop tool for the material handling.
1.2 CLASSIC INTRODUCTION:
An automotive jack is used to lift whole vehicle or just a section of it to make the
repair work facile.
Today, many people are familiar with the jack that is included with their vehicle.
Some vehicles bear screw jacks and others carry a hydraulic jack. Automotive jacks are of
three types mainly:-
1. Screw Jacks
2. Trolley Jacks
3. Bottle Jacks
Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. Screw jack is lesser in cost, as
compared to trolley jacks and bottle jacks. While trolley jack and bottle jack can provide a
greater lift with lesser application of force. Blaise Pascal studies fluid hydrodynamic and
hydrostatics, centralized on principles of hydraulic fluid. His inventions includes the
hydraulic press which multiplied smaller force acting on a larger area into the application of a
large force totalled over a smaller area transmitted through the same pressure at both
locations.
One of the exceptional feature of a hydraulic jack is it can lift heavy loads despite it
itself has a light weight and is portable. Joseph Bramah was working on a press. William
Geroge Armstrong (sir-1st Baron) a contemporary of Bramah, was an industrialist and the
founder of Armstrong Whitworth. He first designed a rotary engine from the concept but later
moved it to a hydraulic piston type of design that could move a crane. At a time when the
scientific field of hydraulic engineering was not yet recognized Armstrong and Bramah were
applying Pascal’s laws to their inventions. Joseph Bramah got a patent for his inventions of
the hydraulic press in 1795.( Joseph Bramah, 1785).
Hydraulic Jack works on the principal of Pascal. It states that pressure on a interned
liquid is conveyed evenly in all the directions. The jack is operated with the help of liquid
that is preferably oil as it can lubricate the parts of the jack as well.
When the plunger is pulled upwards, the fluid is pulled from the reservoir through a
check-valve suction pump. When the plunger is pressed, it sends fluid through another valve
into the main cylinder. The suction valve opens when the plunger is pulled again. A
document was compiled which includes research information pertaining to portable and
stationary lifting devices that could be found in most mechanic shops. The purpose of this
research is to gain information related to the development of a belly pan jack to aid in the
removal and installation of belly pans on large excavating equipment. This research includes
information on current state of the art developments in this field as well as related patents and
subsystems thereof. The areas covered give a good base of information on which to develop
new ideas (Gibbs et al, 2010).The force exerted by the fluid in the main cylinder aids in the
movement of piston in the upward direction.
1.3 Objectives of the Project
The main aim of this project is acquire practical knowledge in the field of material
handling equipments. The machine is very useful for lifting and transporting heavy jobs upto
two tons for all types of jobs such as automobile repairs and service shops of central
workshops, production industries, material handling units etc.
1.4 Brief Methodology
The hydraulic cylinder consists of piston and piston rod. The end of the piston rod the
ram is fixed. The compressed oil pushes the hydraulic cylinder piston forward. Already the
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trolley machine is fixed with the end of piston rod. The lever is used to operate the lifter. One
end of lever is connected with hydraulic pump. By changing the direction of lever, hydraulic
force can be applied to the lifter of the vehicle. By changing the lever direction into
clockwise, lifter moves upward and similarly changing the direction of lever into anticlockwise,
the lifter moves down ward.
Every day, a brief inspection should be carried out. Tire pressure, for instance, is
extremely important, because low pressure in a tire or tires can allow the forklift to tilt
beyond its design capabilities and tip over. Are there cracks, deformations or other signs of
weakness in the forks, masts, overhead guard or seat backrest? If so, find the proper forklift
attachment and replace the defective part.
The lights, horn and any other warning devices should be checked daily, as well. If the
forklift is not fitted with a reverse beeper, this is one forklift attachment that should seriously
be considered. Accidents happen frequently when forklifts are travelling in reverse, when the
operator has poor visibility.
These are just a few of the safety precautions that every forklift operator should take.
Thorough training and a complete understanding of forklift operation and safety, combined
with safety forklift attachments can and do save lives. Hydraulic jack works on the principle
of ―Pascal‘s law‖. When the handle is operated, the plunger reciprocates then the oil from
the reservoir is sucked into the plunger cylinder during upward stroke of the plunger through
the suction valve. The oil in the plunger cylinder is delivered into the ram cylinder during the
downward stroke of the plunger through the delivery valve. This pressurized oil lifts the load
up, which is placed on top plate of the ram. After the work is completed the pressure in the
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ram cylinder is released by unscrewing the lowering screw thus the pressure releases and the
ram is lowered, then the oil is rushed into the reservoir. It consists of plunger cylinder on one
side and ram cylinder on the other side. These two cylinders are mounted on base which is
made of mild steel. Plunger cylinder consists of plunger which is used to build up the
pressure by operating the handle. Plunger cylinder consists of two non-return valves i.e. one
for suction and other for delivery.
Ram cylinder consists of ram which lifts the load. The ram cylinder connected to
delivery valve of plunger cylinder. It is also consists of lowering screw this is nothing but a
hand operated valve used for releasing the pressure in the ram cylinder for get down the load.
the fuel consumption reduction effect at in-house measurement courses. The fuel reduction
effect was obtained in any course. In particular, the effect of no less than 29% was obtained
at a high load course where there is a lot of switch back in a short distance assuming loading
work to a truck. shows the frequency distribution of engine speed and torque at the high load
course This shows that as a circle is larger, the frequency is higher. It can be seen that large
circles move to the small fuel consumption side as compared with those for the conventional
forklift. In particular, HST forklift used the range where there was little change in engine
speed during acceleration and fuel consumption was small for a long time. Therefore, the
result as intended was obtained.
In cooperation with Power Train Development Centre and Hydraulic Equipment Technical
Centre, we have realized commercialization of forklifts installed with electronically
controlled HST and CLSS hydraulic system for the first time as Komatsu. We will continue
to make efforts to expand the model line-up installed with HST and CLSS in the future and at
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the same time to aim at further technological leaps to develop these models to be more
attractive to customers.
1.5 Expected Outcome
This project becomes very much useful in all the types of industries wherever
materials transferred from one place to another place, because the man power during the
material handling process shall be reduced by using our project.
1.6 ADVANTAGES
The process uses low- cost energy source
Large machines frames are not required on the process
No extra skill is required for operating this system
Easier maintenance
Less loss in power transmission
1.7 DISADVANTAGES
Machining work is very complicated
Very sturdy base needed
Hydraulics components cost is high