01-08-2012, 03:08 PM
Production of Bio-Diesel from Neem oil and its performance and emission Analysis in Diesel Engine
1Production of Bio-Diesel.doc (Size: 730 KB / Downloads: 119)
Abstract
In India Neem tree is a widely grown up termed as a divine tree due to its wide revalance in many areas of study. The present study is intended to consider aspect related to the feasibility of production of Biodiesel from neem oil .This paper deals with Biodiesel production from neem oil ,which is mono ester produced using transesterification process. Biodiesel is a safe alternative fuel to replace traditional petroleum diesel. It has high lubricity is a clean burning fuel and can be a fuel component for use in existing unmodified diesel engine. Neem (Azadirachita Indica) is a tree. As we know Neem a nature’s gift it categorized in to non edible oil and mainly used in medicine and cosmetic product. An evergreen tree which is endemic to the Indian Sub-continent and has been introduced to many other areas in tropics. Biodiesel has been gaining increased attention from engine researcher in view of the energy crisis and increasing environmental problem.
Intorduction
Vegetable Oil have become more attractive in the recent past year owing to Its environmental benefits and the fact that it is made from renewable resources vegetable oils are a renewable and potentially inexhaustible source of energy with the energy content close to diesel fuel. Oil derived from Vegetable and microbial source may in course of time becomes as important as petroleum and the coal tar product of present time [1].Recent increase in petroleum price and due to uncertainties concerning petroleum availability there is renewed interest in Vegetable oil fuel for diesel engine [2].Neem is tree in the Mahogany family, Which is grows in Various parts of India. The Neem grows on almost all types of soils including Clayey Saline and alkaline condition .Neem Seeds from this tree are collected depulped sun dried and crushed for oil extraction [4].Neem oil is proved to contain Methyl ester which is consider to be the base of Biodiesel .This Biodiesel contains alkyl ester of the fatty acid which is the product of transesterification process of the neem oil.
Catalyst Quantity
Decided the quantity of NoaH has to be mix with oil. For this purpose I took 1 ml of Oil+10 ml isopropyl alcohol and added 2-3 drops of Methyl orange and also at the same time I prepared a solution by mixing 1 gm NAOH in one liter distill water and done the titration and we found color change as a pink and immediately noted down the color change reading and repeated this process three times and finally got average reading and added 3.5 gm NAOH as per standard criteria and we found 7gm NAOH per kg of oil and as per standard procedure of Bio-Diesel preparation mixed 20ml carbinol per 100 ml of oil.
Sample Preparation.
Purchased the oil to the Vellore market oil as a raw product after that to remove moisture content we heated oil for five minute at the temperature 100 degree Celsius after that we conducted taste of 1ml oil+10 isopropyl alcohol +2-3 methyl orange indicator and then defined the quantity of NaoH has to add with oil after that we added 20 ml Methanol for 100 ml of oil and conducted experiment at magnetic stirrer for 45 minute and maintained temperature between 45-60 degree and after that cooled down oil and kept in to separating funnel and after 24 hr we got a thick layer of glycerin and removed it after that by taking oil in to funnel with the hot water we washed the oil till that when we got wash water similar as normal water and after neutralizing it we will have to do checking of oil properties and final step we have to check performance analysis. Sample were collected after 24 hr and Kept in to the Borosil Glass.
Conclusion
Study has been made by using Bio-Diesel a novel feedstock of obtaining Bio-Diesel which is renewable in nature, afterPreparation of Bio-Diesel we checked the oil properties and all properties stated above now one of the Major Part of analysis is Performance characteristic in case of HC and at the same load for Diesel, B10, B20 we found in decreasing state but in case of NOX found increasing at the same load. This is major drawback of using Bio-Diesel. During the experiment we found rate of fuel consumption lower for B20, B10 respectively, Overall to make environment greener we can use Bio-Diesel.