An attempt has been made in this project by which the exhaust gas is made utilised to rotate the turbine with a turbocharger arrangement.This exhaust gas gets impact with high pressure on the turbine blades in turn driving the compressor and this compressed air is given to the input supply. The Ultimate innovation is that this setup is implemented in two wheeler engine having a low velocity of Exhaust Gas.
Images and videos
Novelty and Usefulness
By implementing the turbocharger in the two-wheeler engine, volumetric efficiency can be increased making use of the kinetic energy of the exhaust gas. This may reduce the fuel consumption and increases the performance of the engine in all naturally aspirated engines. Because the turbocharger increases thepressure at the point where air is entering thecylinder, a greater mass of air (oxygen) will beforced in as the inlet manifold pressure increases. The additional oxygen makes it possible to addmore fuel, increasing the power and torque outputof the engine.Even though this project is economical, proper design of turbocharger should be made specially to improve the efficiency further.
A turbocharger may also be used to increase fuel efficiency without increasing power.This is achieved by recovering waste energy in the exhaust and feeding it back into the engine intake. By using this otherwise wasted energy to increase the mass of air, it becomes easier to ensure that all fuel is burned before being vented at the start of the exhaust stage. The increased temperature from the higher pressure gives a higher Carnot efficiency.
Description of Innovation
4.1 FABRICATION PROCEDURE:
In this model, Turbocharger is fitted with a two-wheeler engine and experimental investigations were carried out.
According to this, the fabrication procedure is listed as follows:
The stand is fabricated with the required structure to withstand the vibrations of the engine and to hold it properly. It is made with the Mild steel and the joints in them are fused with Metal-arc welding. Engine is tightened to the stand with the help of temporary fasteners. The turbocharger is fitted to the exhaust of the engine with the help of the nozzle to increase the speed of the turbine. The nozzle is made with the mild steel with the orifice diameter of 5mm. The flange is made in such a way that it connects the exhaust of the engine to the inlet of the turbine. The discharge of the compressor is fed to the carburettor to increase the pressure of the air-fuel mixture that is to be injected into the cylinder. As a result, volumetric efficiency of the engine increases.
4.2 WORKING PROCEDURE:
Today, the turbocharging of petrol engines is nolonger primarily seen from the performanceperspective, but is rather viewed as a means ofreducing fuel consumption and, consequently,environmental pollution on account of lowercarbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Currently, theprimary reason of using turbochargers is thereduced consumption and emission of harmfulgases. A turbocharger, often called a turbo, is asmall radial fan pump driven by the energy of theexhaust flow of an engine. A turbocharger consistsof a turbine and a compressor on a shared axle.The turbine inlet receives exhaust gases from theengine causing the turbine wheel to rotate. Thisrotation drives the compressor, compressingambient air and delivering it to the air intakemanifold of the engine at higher pressure,resulting in a greater mass of air entering each
Cylinder. In some instances, compressed air isrouted through an intercooler before introductionto the intake manifold.
In most piston engines, intake gases are "pulled" into the engine by the downward stroke of the piston(which creates a low-pressure area), similar to drawing liquid using a syringe. The amount of air actually inhaled, compared to the theoretical amount if the engine could maintain atmospheric pressure, is called volumetric efficiency. The objective of a turbocharger is to improve an engine's volumetric efficiency by increasing density of the intake gas (usually air).
The turbocharger's compressor draws in ambient air and compresses it before it enters into the intake manifold at increased pressure.This results in a greater mass of air entering the cylinders on each intake stroke. The power needed to spin the centrifugal compressor is derived from the kinetic energy of the engine's exhaust gases.
A turbocharger may also be used to increase fuel efficiency without increasing power.This is achieved by recovering waste energy in the exhaust and feeding it back into the engine intake. By using this otherwise wasted energy to increase the mass of air, it becomes easier to ensure that all fuel is burned before being vented at the start of the exhaust stage. The increased temperature from the higher pressure gives a higher Carnot efficiency.
Applications
Advantages
• More power compared to the same size naturally aspirated engine.
• Better thermal efficiency over naturally aspirated engine and supercharged engine, because the engine exhaust is being used to do the useful work which otherwise would have been wasted.
Can be attached with the commercial two wheelers after deigning the same as per the capacity of exhaust gas flow through the nozzle.