21-12-2012, 06:52 PM
Functional Fibres & Textiles
1Functional Fibres.ppt (Size: 10.15 MB / Downloads: 238)
Properties Desired for Textile Fibers
Apparel And Domestic Requirements
Tenacity: 3-5 grams/denier
Elongation at break: 10-35%
Recovery from elongation: 100% at strains up to 5%
Modulus of elasticity: 30-60 grams/denier
Moisture absorbency: 2-5%
Zero strength temperature (excessive creep and softening point): above 215°C
High abrasion resistance (varies with type fabric structure)
Dyeable
Low flammability
Insoluble with low swelling in water, in moderately strong acids and bases, and in conventional organic solvents from room temperature to 100°C
Ease of care
Industrial Requirements
Tenacity: 7-8 grams/denier
Elongation at break: 8-15%
Modulus of elasticity: 80 grams/denier or more conditioned, 50 grams/denier wet
Zero strength temperature: 250°C or above
Applying function to functional textiles
Creation of comfort and sensitivity
Beautiful color and luster
Requirement on light weight and thermal insulation
Clean garment and comfortable environment
Protection of skin
Safety and protection
Sport and leisure
Environmental friendly
Materials Selection and Design
EXAMPLES : AREAS OF DESIGN CONCERN
Function- support a load, contain a
pressure, transmit heat, etc.
What does component do?
Objective- make thing cheaply, light weight,
increase safety, etc., or combinations of these.
What is to be maximized or minimized?
Constraints- make thing cheaply, light weight,
increase safety, etc., or combinations of these.
What is non-negotiable conditions to be met?
What is negotiable but desired conditions?
CHEMICAL CONTROL OF SYNTHETIC TEXTILE PROPERTIES
The properties of a synthetic textile can be controlled chemically by modifying the polymers involved in their synthesis
Altering reaction conditions can affect how strongly the polymer molecules are attracted to one another, and in turn, how strong or flexible the fibre and textile will be
Atoms or small molecules can be added to the monomers or the polymers to give them unique properties.