19-03-2012, 04:08 PM
Analogical Reasoning
Things you’ve already discussed
Problem-solving with rules
Analogy and similarity
Case-based reasoning (CBR)
Analogy in education
Outline for Today
How is solving problems by analogy different from solving problems via rules?
Several broad models of analogy
Spatial
Feature-based
Structural (including CBR)
Outline for Today
How is solving problems by analogy different from solving problems via rules?
Several broad models of analogy
Spatial
Feature-based
Structural (including CBR)
Rule-Based Problem Solving
My step sister is visiting this weekend, and she’s bringing her exchange student from Hungary.
How do I get from here to the World of Coca-Cola?
Some characteristics of rule-based problem solving
Well-defined search space
Easy to develop a chain of operators that, collectively, solve the problem
Easy to decompose the solution to explain it
Soundness
If the operators are sound, then the solution is sound
Possible to show why some solutions are better than others (time, distance of alternatives)
How would I model this?
Modeling rule-based problem solving
Model using rules, of course!
What dimensions of the task can we model?
Solution
Protocol of intermediate problem-solving steps
Effect of “broken” rules
Developmental effects
Analogical Problem Solving
What are good places in Atlanta to take a Hungarian teenager?
What we may base our solutions on
Other visits
Parents, family, friends
Other teenagers
Visitors from foreign lands or from places really different from Atlanta vs. visitors from other U.S. cities
Are these explanations sound? Can we show that some are better than others?
What characteristics of comparison can we use in our models?
Correspondences?
“Closeness” or “aptness” of analogies?
Inferences?
Outline for Today
How is solving problems by analogy different from solving problems via rules?
Several broad models of analogy
Spatial
Feature-based
Structural (including CBR)
Outline for Today
How is solving problems by analogy different from solving problems via rules?
Several broad models of analogy
Spatial
Feature-based
Structural (including CBR)