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HANDBOOK OF HEAT TRANSFER
INTRODUCTION
Since the publication of the second edition of Handbook of Heat Transfer, there have been
many new and exciting developments in the field, covering both fundamentals and applications.
As the role of technology has grown, so too has the importance of heat transfer engineering.
For example, in the industrial sector heat transfer concerns are critical to the design
of practically every process. The same is true of such vitally important areas as energy production,
conversion, and the expanding field of environmental controls. In the generation of
electrical power, whether by nuclear fission or combustion of fossil fuels, innumerable problems
remain to be solved. Similarly, further miniaturization of advanced computers is limited
by the capability of removing the heat generated in the microprocessors. Heat transfer problems
at the macro scale, as exemplified by global warming, also offer tremendous challenges.
As technology advances, engineers are constantly confronted by the need to maximize or
minimize heat transfer rates while at the same time maintaining system integrity. The upper
and lower boundariesmsystem size, pressure, and temperature--are constantly expanding,
confronting the heat transfer engineer with new design challenges.
In preparing this third edition, the goal of the editors was to provide, in a single volume,
up-to-date information needed by practicing engineers to deal with heat transfer problems
encountered in their daily work. This new edition of the handbook contains information
essential for design engineers, consultants, research engineers, university professors, students,
and technicians involved with heat transfer technology.
COVERAGE
The third edition of Handbook of Heat Transfer provides expanded treatment of the fundamental
topics covered in earlier editions. More than half of the authors of these basic chapters
on conduction, convection, radiation, condensation, and boiling are new, reflecting the fact
that there are new leaders in the field. Those chapters in the second edition dealing with
applications related to the so-called energy crisis (solar energy, energy storage, cooling towers,
etc.) have been replaced by new chapters treating heat transfer problems encountered in
materials processing, porous media, and micro scale systems. Sections on the following topics
were retained and updated: thermophysical properties, heat transfer enhancement, heat
exchangers, heat pipes, fluidized beds, nonnewtonian fluids, and measurement techniques.
UNITS
It is recognized at this time that the English Engineering System of units cannot be completely
replaced by the International System (SI). Transition from the English system of units
to SI will proceed at a rational pace to accommodate the needs of the profession, industry, and
the public. The transition period will be long and complex, and duality of units probably will
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PREFACE
be demanded for at least one or two decades. Both SI and English units have been incorporated
in this edition to the maximum extent possible, with the goal of making the handbook
useful throughout the world. In general, numerical results, tables, figures, and equations in the
handbook are given in both systems of units wherever presentation in dimensionless form is
not given. In a few cases, some tables are presented in one system of units, mostly to save
space, and conversion factors are printed at the end of such tables for the reader's convenience.
NOMENCLATURE
An attempt has been made by the editors to use a unified nomenclature throughout the handbook.
Given the breadth of the technical coverage, some exceptions will be found. However,
with few exceptions, one symbol has only one meaning within any given section. Each symbol
is defined at the end of each section of the handbook. Both SI and English units are given for
each symbol in the nomenclature lists.
INDEX
This edition provides a comprehensive alphabetical index designed to provide quick reference
to information. Taken together with the Table of Contents, this index provides quick and
easy access to any topic in the book.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The editors acknowledge the outstanding performance of the contributing authors. Their
cooperation on the contents and length of their manuscripts and in incorporating all of the
previously mentioned specifications, coupled with the high quality of their work, has resulted
in a handbook that we believe will fulfill the needs of the engineering community for many
years to come. We also wish to thank the professional staff at McGraw-Hill Book Company,
who were involved with the production of the handbook at various stages of the project, for
their cooperation and continued support. The outstanding editorial work of Ms. Stephanie
Landis of North Market Street Graphics is gratefully acknowledged.
The handbook is ultimately the responsibility of the editors. Care has been exercised to
minimize errors, but it is impossible in a work of this magnitude to achieve an error-free publication.
Accordingly, the editors would appreciate being informed of any errors so that these
may be eliminated from subsequent printings. The editors would also appreciate suggestions
from readers on possible improvements in the usefulness of the handbook so that these may
be included in future editions.