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0 Introduction to Project
“GSM based Control System” implements the emerging applications of the GSM
technology. Using GSM networks, a control system has been proposed that will act as an
embedded system which can monitor and control appliances and other devices locally
using built-in input and output peripherals.
Remotely the system allows the user to effectively monitor and control the house/office
appliances and equipments via the mobile phone set by sending commands in the form of
SMS messages and receiving the appliances status. The main concept behind the project
is receiving the sent SMS and processing it further as required to perform several
operations. The type of the operation to be performed depends on the nature of the SMS
sent. The principle in which the project is based is fairly simple. First, the sent SMS is
stored and polled from the receiver mobile station and then the required control signal is
generated and sent to the intermediate hardware that we have designed according to the
command received in form of the sent message.
We have selected a particular Nokia mobile set (Nokia 3310) for our project. The
messages are sent from the mobile set that contain commands in written form which are
then processed accordingly to perform the required task. A microcontroller based system
has been proposed for our project. There are several terminologies that are used
extensively throughout this project report.
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications): It is a cellular communication
standard.
SMS (Short Message Service): It is a service available on most digital mobile phones that
permit the sending of short messages (also known as text messaging service).
Background
The new age of technology has redefined communication. Most people nowadays have
access to mobile phones and thus the world indeed has become a global village. At any
given moment, any particular individual can be contacted with the mobile phone. But the
application of mobile phone can not just be restricted to sending SMS or starting
conversations. New innovations and ideas can be generated from it that can further
enhance its capabilities. Technologies such as Infra-red, Bluetooth, etc which has
developed in recent years goes to show the very fact that improvements are in fact
possible and these improvements have eased our life and the way we live. Remote
management of several home and office appliances is a subject of growing interest and in
recent years we have seen many systems providing such controls.
These days, apart from supporting voice calls a mobile phone can be used to send text
messages as well as multimedia messages (that may contain pictures, graphics,
animations, etc). Sending written text messages is very popular among mobile phone
users. Instant messaging, as it is also known, allows quick transmission of short messages
that allow an individual to share ideas, opinions and other relevant information. We have
used the very concept to design a system that acts a platform to receive messages which
in fact are commands sent to control different appliances and devices connected to the
platform. We have designed a control system which is based on the GSM technology that
effectively allows control from a remote area to the desired location. The application of
our suggested system is immense in the ever changing technological world. It allows a
greater degree of freedom to an individual whether it is controlling the household
appliances or office equipments. The need to be physically present in order to control
appliances of a certain location is eliminated with the use of our system.
1.2 Problem Statement
Technology has advanced so much in the last decade or two that it has made life more
efficient and comfortable. The comfort of being able to take control of devices from one
particular location has become imperative as it saves a lot of time and effort. Therefore
there arises a need to do so in a systematic manner which we have tried to implement
with our system. The system we have proposed is an extended approach to automating a
control system.
With the advancement and breakthroughs in technology over the years, the lives of
people have become more complicated and thus they have become busier than before.
With the adoption of our system, we can gain control over certain things that required
constant attention. The application of our system comes in handy when people who forget
to do simple things such as turn ON or OFF devices at their home or in their office, they
can now do so without their presence by the transmission of a simple text message from
their mobile phone. This development, we believe, will ultimately save a lot of time
especially when people don’t have to come back for simple things such as to turn
ON/OFF switches at their home or at their office once they set out for their respective
work.
The objective of this project is to develop a device that allows for a user to remotely
control and monitor multiple home/office appliances using a cellular phone. This system
will be a powerful and flexible tool that will offer this service at any time, and from
anywhere with the constraints of the technologies being applied. Possible target
appliances include (but are not limited to) climate control system, security systems,
lights; anything with an electrical interface.
The proposed approach for designing this system is to implement a microcontroller-based
control module that receives its instructions and command from a cellular phone over the
GSM network. The microcontroller then will carry out the issued commands and then
communicate the status of a given appliance or device back to the cellular phone.
Description:
The figure shown above is the simple block diagram of our project. It is a simple
illustration of how we have implemented our project and the various parts involved in it.
From the above representation, the first Mobile station is used as a transmitting section
from which the subscriber sends text messages that contain commands and instructions to
the second mobile station which is based on a specific area where our control system is
located. The mobile phone as indicated in the block diagram is a Nokia 3310 mobile set.
The received SMS message is stored in the SIM memory of the phone and then extracted
by the microcontroller and processed accordingly to carry out specific operations. The
relay driver (BUFFER ULN2003) is used to drive the relay circuits which switches the
different appliances connected to the interface. The LCD is used to indicate the status of
the operation performed by the microcontroller and also its inclusion makes the overall
system user-friendly.
The input from different sensors are feed to micro-controller and processed to operate
respective task semi autonomously and autonomously.
Assuming that the control unit is powered and operating properly, the process of
controlling a device connected to the interface will proceed through the following steps;
• The remote user sends text messages including commands to the receiver.
• GSM receiver receives messages sent from the user cell phone.
• GSM receiver decodes the sent message and sends the commands to the
microcontroller.
• Microcontroller issues commands to the appliances and the devices connected
will switch ON/OFF.
Scopes and Purpose of System Specification
The system specification shows the description of the function and the performance of
system and the user. The scope of our project “GSM Based control system” is immense.
The future implications of the project are very great considering the amount of time and
resources it saves. The project we have undertaken can be used as a reference or as a base
for realizing a scheme to be implemented in other projects of greater level such as
weather forecasting, temperature updates, device synchronization, etc. The project itself
can be modified to achieve a complete Home Automation system which will then create a
platform for the user to interface between himself and the household.
2.1 Goals and Objectives
The project “GSM based Control System” at the title suggests is aimed to construct a
control system that enables the complete control of the interface on which it is based.
General objectives of the project are defined as;
a. To co-ordinate appliances and other devices through Short Message Service
(SMS).
b. To effectively receive and transmit data via SMS
c. To eliminate the need of being physically present in any location for tasks
involving the operation of appliances within a household/office.
d. Minimize power and time wastage
2.2 Operating Environment
The control system will include two separate units: the cellular phone, and the control
unit. There will therefore be two operating environments. The cellular phone will operate
indoors and outdoors whereas the control unit will operate indoors within the temperature
and humidity limits for proper operation of the hardware.
Intended Users and Uses
This system is aimed toward all the average users who wish to control their
household/office appliances remotely from their cell phones provided that the appliances
are electrically controllable. Example of feasible appliances and applications under
consideration include; enable/disable security systems, fans, lights, kitchen appliances,
and adjusting the temperatures settings of a heating/ventilation/air conditioning system.
2.4 Assumptions
Certain assumptions have to be made in order to implement our project. The list of
assumptions for our project is;
a. The user and control unit will establish communication via GSM
b. The cell phone and service provider chosen will support text messaging service.
c. The user is familiar with the text messaging program on their cell phone.
d. All service charges (standard messaging rates) from the service provider apply.
e. The controlled appliances can and will have to have an electrical interface in
order to be controlled by the microcontroller.
2.5 Major Constraints
Along the course of project completion we encountered various problems and obstacles.
Not everything that we had planned went smoothly during the project development span.
Also we had a limited amount of time for its completion so we were under a certain
amount of pressure as well. We had to start from the research phase at the beginning and
needed to gain knowledge on all the devices and components that we had intended to use
for our project. Other phases of the project included coding, debugging, testing,
documentation and implementation and it needed certain time for completion so we really
had to manage the limited time available to us and work accordingly to finish the project
within the schedule.