25-06-2014, 02:57 PM
GSM-Bluetooth based Remote Monitoring and Control System with Automatic Light Controller
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ABSTRACT
In past few years, home automation & remote control and
monitoring systems have seen a rapid growth in terms of
technology. This paper gives a review of these systems based
on existing technologies and also proposes a GSM-Bluetooth
based light controller and remote monitoring system. This
system has simple features designed with the objective of
minimum power consumption using infrared sensor for
controlling lights, fans and other appliances which are
controlled via SMS using a GSM module. A Bluetooth module
is also interfaced with the main microcontroller chip. This
Bluetooth module eliminates the usage charges by
communicating with the appliances via Bluetooth when the
application is in a limited range of few meters. The system
informs user about any abnormal conditions like intrusion
detection and temperature rise via SMS from the GSM module
or by Bluetooth module to the user’s mobile and actions are
taken accordingly by the user
INTRODUCTION
Embedded system is not a new concept. Embedded systems has
become a buzz word in the last 15 years, but embedded systems
and processors have been around for much longer than that.
One only needs to look around to see embedded systems
everywhere: cell phones, alarm clocks, personal data assistants
(PDAs), automobile subsystems such as ABS and cruise control
etc. These embedded systems are now commonly interfaced
with Bluetooth and GSM (Global System for Mobile
communication) modules to widen their scope and enhance the
application areas to a greater extent. Although the GSM was
initially designed for voice, it can be used to serve other
purposes than talking. This idea is reinforced by the fact that the
GSM infrastructure has been deployed in many countries. GSM
can be used as the communication via to receive signals
captured by machines in remote places, and also to send control
signals to remote machines [1]. T
CLASSIFICATION OF GENERIC REMOTE CONTROL SYSTEMS
The idea of remotely controlling and monitoring of different
devices and home appliances in a unified system is flourishing
day by day with the use of latest technologies. There are many
types of remote control and monitoring systems available.
These systems are typically designed and installed for different
purposes. Different technologies used for designing these
remote control and monitoring systems have been studied [2] –
[34]. From technical point of view these systems can be
classified on the basis of Technology and applications &
processors used. Table 1 shows the classification of existing
systems based upon different criteria.
Technology Used and Applications
Al-Ali & Al-Rousan introduced a low cost Java-Based Home
Automation systems [2] based on PC-based home server.
Various devices are connected to the input/output ports of the
microcontroller and their status is send to the server whether
they are on or off. The monitoring and control software engine
is based on the combination of Java Server Pages, JavaBeans,
and Interactive C. The system is scalable and that is any number
of devices can be added with no major changes to its design.
Password protection is used to stop unauthorized users from
accessing the appliances at home. If the Internet connection or
the server is not working, the embedded system board still can
control and operate the appliances locally.
ANALYSIS OF EXISTING SYSTEMS
All these systems [2]-[34] are well suited for remote control
and monitoring depending upon the requirements. PC based
technology is explained in [2] [3] [4]. In this system, PC is the
remote monitoring station and microcontroller is the
controlling device. Although one can monitor and control
devices remotely from any part of the world provided internet
access is available, this system incurs additional cost due to
the requirement of a computer. Special hardware and software
installation is required to control the devices. Also in case of
power failure, it is difficult to monitor and control the status
of devices unless you have a battery backup which is an
additional cost.
Bluetooth based solutions are also used for this purpose [5] -
[9]. Although Bluetooth eliminates the usage cost of the
network to a great extent, its range of operation is limited to a
few meters. One cannot remotely monitor and control devices
using this technology. Also it is desirable for each home
device to have a dedicated Bluetooth module but due to the
fiscal expense of this type of implementation, a single module
is shared by several devices which have a disadvantage of
access delay. Interference is also a problem when using this
technology. Also the remote systems can be accessed using
any telephone that supports dual tone multiple frequency
(DTMF) [11]. In this technology all communication occurs
over a fixed phone and internet is not required. But users are
not provided with a graphical user interface, users have to
remember access codes and they have to memorize which
button is to be pressed to control which device. Moreover it
takes many seconds to send instructions so it is not a very
efficient technology.
PROPOSED SYSTEM
The block diagram of the proposed GSM-Bluetooth based system
is given in fig. 2. In this system both GSM and Bluetooth
modules are interfaced with the main controller chip. GSM is
used for remotely monitoring and controlling the devices via a
mobile phone by sending and receiving SMS via GSM network.
Bluetooth is used for the same purpose but within a range of few
meters, say when user is inside the periphery of the building
where the system is installed, Bluetooth can be used for
communicating with the devices thereby eliminating the network
usage cost. This is an important merit of the proposed system.
The lights and fans of the building are controlled automatically
using IR (infrared) sensor and the other appliances are controlled
by Bluetooth or GSM network via SMS. The system informs user
about any abnormal conditions like intrusion detection and
temperature rise via SMS from the GSM module to the user’s
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
The hardware of the system mainly includes an 8-bit
microcontroller chip, a GSM module, a Bluetooth module and
RS232 interfaces. The microcontroller is interfaced with different
sensors for controlling different applications. IR sensor is used to
automatically control the lights, Temperature sensor detects the
temperature and PIR (passive infrared) sensor detects for any
unauthorized intrusion. The analog data from temperature sensor
is converted to digital using A/D converter. EEPROM is used for
recording the data provided by the sensors. It provides this data to
the microcontroller for analysis when requested and an alarm is
raised in emergency conditions depending upon this data and an
SMS is send to the user’s mobile. The measured values and the
state of the devices are displayed on the LCD. The GSM and
Bluetooth modules which are the most important part of this
system are interfaced with the microcontroller using RS232. The
modules act like an interface between the controller and GSM
network. The GSM module must have a SIM (Subscriber Identity
Module) card to make the network identify the user. The
microcontroller communicates with the GSM module using th
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK
Detail survey of various remote monitoring and control systems
have been presented along with the classification based on
various parameters and the design of a GSM- Bluetooth based
remote monitoring and control system with Automatic light
controller has been proposed. This system has an advantage
of using both GSM and Bluetooth technology which thereby
eliminates the cost of network usage to a great extent by using
Bluetooth when in the range of few meters with the devices. The
system is scalable and allows any number of different devices to
be added with no major changes in its core. But it is not efficient
in situations which have strong real time requirements. The
system has its application in situations where the amount of data
to be transferred is not tremendous. The implementation details
and results will be presented in future wor