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1459406116-132HYBRIDGREENPOWERprakash.doc (Size: 134.5 KB / Downloads: 3)
ABSTRACT
This paper study’s structure design and control system of 1KW wind and solar hybrid power systems for 3G base station. The system merges into 3G base stations to save power in order to fully ensure that base stations can supply power normally in any case. Wind and solar hybrid power systems consist of three parts; the first part is wind power generation system, which is composed of a non-controlled rectifier, a boost converter and so on; the second part is mainly composed of solar cell panel power generation system, wind power generation system and solar cell panel power generation system are complementary, the third part is single-phase power supply inverter, wind power and solar cell panel power connected parallel with reserved power of 3G base stations access into single-phase power supply inverter, and then turn into 220V, 50Hz power to supply for 3G base stations. On the different weather conditions, wind and solar hybrid are complementary
. INTRODUCTION
With the development of mobile communications, particularly the development of 3G mobile communications, 3G base station power supply is increasingly becoming the issue must be resolved in remote areas. At present, the 3G base stations in remote areas use solar-powered auxiliary power supply or wind power means. 3G base station power supply supporting the use of solar power supply, which can only solve the problem of power grids but unreliable power supply, and the majority of 3G base stations in remote areas, as a result of high cost of grid electricity, and sand storms are large , solar panels often can easily be dust blocking the sun, so a big wind in the northwest
region, there is some defect of solar energy to solve the problem. Therefore, only an independent wind and solar hybrid power system is a more perfect way to solve the problem. Wind and solar hybrid power system is an independent power supply system to the 3G base stations.
III. Wind and solar Hybrid
It has the following advantages:-
1. An independent wind and solar hybrid power system to the 3G base stations, the average installation cost of 3G base stations is lower than the use of solar-powered auxiliary power supply line. Because 3G base stations to use solar-powered auxiliary power line sometimes need power dozens of KM of supply equipment.
2. Stable, independent wind power system, no need for human guards, and 3G systems can carry out the necessary control, thus can save human resources cost and maintenance cost.
3. Power supply system for 3G base station needn’t electric power system supply, so to save electricity charge and protect the environment. Each of 3G base stations can save 10,000 rupees electricity charge every year. General provinces need an average of about 10,000 base stations, namely, each province can save one billion rupees electricity charge.
4. Wind and solar hybrid power system overcome the short comings which have the light but no wind or have the wind but no light, to ensure that power supply normally under any conditions.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
Wind and solar hybrid power systems consist of wind power systems, solar power system, battery system, inverter and control system. Wind power system is mainly composed of a windmill and single-phase AC generator (can be a permanent magnet synchronous generator or induction generator), whose primary role is provide electricity to the 3G base stations when has wind, and excess electricity stored in batteries. Solar power system is mainly composed of the solar panels and a sharp device, its main role is to provide electricity to the 3G base stations when has the sun, to, and excess energy stored in batteries. Battery system is mainly composed of lead-acid batteries, whose main role is usually to store excess wind power or photovoltaic power, which can provide electricity to the 3G base station systems when no wind and no light. Inverse power and control system is mainly composed of Boost converter and single-phase inverter, and its primary role is to change AC of wind power generators to DC, then change to the stability 220V 50Hz AC by inverter.
CURRENT OF HYBRID POWER
As shown in Figure-2 1KW wind and solar hybrid power of independent power supply system composed of small wind machines, single-phase AC generator (can be a permanent magnet synchronous generator or induction generator), solar cell panel power and cell panel solar tracing system, three-phase non-controlled rectifier power bridge, boost step-up converters, single-phase inverter, filter, lead-acid batteries and a few local users. Independent wind and solar hybrid power uses boost converter and single-phase inverter of the two-tier structure, in order to adapt to 3G base stations, which has the characteristics of low output voltage of an independent 3KW power supply unit and the fluctuations in range
Most of its operating mode is independent,which is not associated with the grid and supply power to the 3G base stations independently. In order to maintain the continuity of electricity supply, the system required the use of lead-acid batteries, its cost and maintenance costs are low, and therefore promote not only to the wider region covered by grid base stations uneasily, but also to residents without power applied.
VI. WIND POWER AND IT’S CONTROL
Wind power
3G base stations, its own power requires about 0.5KW, if less than 1KW wind generator, wind power must be bigger than 4 to make the work of wind turbines. When using 3KW wind power generation system, as the small load, wind power bigger than 2, wind power generation system will be able to maintain the normal work of 3G base stations. When the wind as long as bigger than 3, wind power system is not only to maintain the normal work of 3G base stations, but also to the battery. IF using 3KW wind power systems with battery, under normal circumstances, to protect fully the normal work of 3G base
station power requirements. When the wind smaller than 2, the battery supplies power to the system inverter.
Rectifier filter
Due to unstable wind speed, wind generator voltage is also very unstable and 3G base stations in order to ensure the normal power supply, so must provide 220V, 50Hz stable power. Therefore, the power generated by wind power generators, which adops the rectifier, filter, regulator, to the basic DC, and then into a stable single-phase inverse of 20V, 50Hz power.
Boost step-up voltage conversion
Because of low voltage generated by wind turbines, so voltage generated by wind turbines must be boosted by step-up voltage conversion, and then to charge to the battery and single-phase inverter. Control of the boost converter can achieve maximum power tracking of wind turbine.
Storage
You can reduce costs, increase service life and ensure a stable power supply by using of lead-acid battery.
Single-phase inverter
Converter DC to stable single-phase 220V, 50Hz AC to suplly to 3G base stations.Thats are the basic parameter .
VII. SOLAR POWER AND ITS TRACKING SYSTEM
solar cell panel
solar cell panel is the core of the solar power system, which is also the highest value part of the polar power system. Its role is converted the sun's radiation to electrical energy, which is stored in batteries, or to promote load work. The quality of solar panels and the cost will directly determine the quality and cost of the entire system.
Solar Controller
Solar controller's role is to control the entire system state, and played over rechargeable battery protection, over discharge protection. In a larger temperature difference place, the qualified controller should have temperature compensation function. Other additional functions such as light control switch, time control switch should be optional.
Solar cell panel tracking system
In order to improve the utilization efficiency of solar panels, solar panels flat need to have been vertical with the sun light.
Wind Turbine
Using 1KW wind turbine, its purpose is to offer enough power, the majority of power parameters of 3G base station 1KW wind power system are most regions in india, the time of wind less than two hours is less than the time of wind greater than 2. Analysis from above table, battery charging power> discharge power. Power requirement of 3G base stations can be satisfied.
Centrifugal wind speed installed in the axis of wind turbine, and when the wind speed reaches a certain level, it will turn wind turbine mechanical energy into rotational inertia of the flywheel energy for storage, and when the wind reduced to a certain value, the rotational inertia flywheel energy can supply power generation to generators.