18-01-2016, 04:49 PM
Abstract
Human resource management functions are no longer specialized functions, merely confined to the human resource or personnel department. The management of human resources is the responsibility of every manager in the present business scenario. It is a fact that most of the problems in an organization are human related, since human being is dynamic, complex and highly sensitive to environment. Managing the human resource in any organization is therefore a challenging task, therefore, in the present competitive market situations one of the better ways to survive and grow is to adopt new strategies and policies for human resource management both for managerial and non managerial staff. Many private and public sector organizations in India and abroad have realized the importance to develop their human resource. Human Resources Management may be described as that activity in an enterprise which strives to mould the human resource into the effective organization provides opportunity for maximum individual contributions under healthy working conditions promote individual development and encourage mutual confidence and understanding between the employer and the employees and between the employees themselves. Human resource management is responsible for maintaining good human relations in an organization. It is also concerned with the development of individuals and achieving integration of goals of the organization and those of the individuals. While people have always been central to organizations, today they have taken on an even more central role in building firm’s competitive advantage. Particularly in knowledge based industries such as software, information technology, telecom and others, success increasingly depends on ‘people embodied know how’. The human resource dynamics prevalent in Indian Organizations are different from those in the other counties of the world. But in the recent past some new orientation is taking place in the Indian organizations due to the global impact on business activities. In the light of the changing business scenario that has led to many emerging human resource issues. In this context Reliance Industries in India need no introduction which is successfully adopting and implementing innovative human resource practices for creating competitive advantage. Dhirubhai Ambani founded Reliance Industries Limited with courage, creativity and commitment as his principal assets. Within a span of 27 years, he shaped it into a Rs 65,000 crore (USD 13.5 billion) group. Today, the business activities of Reliance cover oil and gas, petroleum refining, petrochemicals, plastics, polyester, textiles, financial services and infrastructure. In the process of building Reliance, he ushered in an equity revolution in India. He democratized the process of wealth creation by endowing 3.3 million investors, and earned for Reliance the distinction of being the world's second-largest manufacturer of polyester. Reliance also became the world's eleventh-largest producer of plastics, and an operator of the world's fifth-largest petroleum refinery. Sensing a good opportunity in the textile business, Dhirubhai started his first textile mill at Naroda, in Ahmedabad in the year 1977. Textiles were manufactured using polyester fibre yarn. Dhirubhai started the brand "Vimal", which was named after his elder brother Ramaniklal Ambani's son, Vimal Ambani. Extensive marketing of the brand "Vimal" in the interiors of India made it a household name. Franchise retail outlets were started and they used to sell "only Vimal" brand of textiles. In the year 1975, a Technical team from the World Bank visited the Reliance Textiles' Manufacturing unit. Reliance, acknowledged as one of the best-run companies in the world has various sectors like petrochemicals, textiles and is involved in the production of crude oil and gas, to polyester and polymer products. The company’s refinery at Jamnagar accounts for over 25% of India's total refining capacity and their plant at Hazira is the biggest chemical complex in India. The company has further diversified into Telecom, Insurance and Internet Businesses, the Power Sector and so on. Now the Reliance group with over 85,000 employees provides almost 5% of the Central Government's total revenue. Dhirubhai Ambani was admitted to the Breach Candy Hospital in Mumbai on June 24, 2002 after he suffered a major stroke. This was his second stroke, the first one had occurred in February 1986 and had kept his right hand paralyzed. He was in a state of coma for more than a week. A team of doctors was unable to save his life. Ater the death of Mukesh Ambani the Reliance Empire split between the Ambani brothers, Mukesh Ambani getting RIL and IPCL & his younger sibling Anil Ambani heading Reliance Capital, Reliance Energy and Reliance Infocomm. The entity headed by Mukesh Ambani is referred to as the Reliance Industries Limited whereas Anil's Group has been renamed Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group (ADAG). With amazing foresight, he sensed the incredible potential of the technological revolution sweeping the globe, in the areas of information and communication. He conceived of Reliance Infocomm as a means to bring a technological revolution to this country and usher in a digital revolution in India. He visualized Reliance Infocomm as a powerful vehicle to percolate the benefits. of the knowledge era to all sections of society. He fashioned a strategy, which was conceptually simple and sweeping in its impact. He encouraged the Reliance Infocomm team to look for the best technology in the world and use it to reduce the cost to the consumer. Dhirubhai Ambani envisioned an all-encompassing and affordable information and communication infrastructure to fashion a new society by building communities with shared interests and values, and empowering people by overcoming the handicaps of illiteracy and mobility. He visualised the ability of information technology to deliver new means for enlightening, entertaining and enriching people; and making livelihood an enjoyment, learning an experience, and living an excitement. This vision signaled a sweeping revolution for a New Way of Life for a New India. Reliance Communications, formerly known as Reliance Infocomm, along with Reliance Telecom, is part of Reliance Communications Ventures (RCoVL).Reliance Communications Limited founded by the late Dhirubhai H Ambani is the flagship company of the Reliance Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group was launched on December 28 2002. Reliance Communication network is a pan India, high capacity, integrated (wireless and wire line) and convergent (voice, data and video) digital network, designed to offer services that span the entire Communication value chain - infrastructure, services for enterprises and individuals, applications and consulting. The network is designed to deliver services that will foster a new way of life for a New India. The Reliance Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group currently has a net worth in excess of Rs. 64,000 crore (US$ 13.6 billion), cash flows of Rs. 13,000 crore (US$ 2.8 billion), net profit of Rs. 8,400 crore (US$ 1.8 billion).The Equity Shares of Reliance Communication are listed on Bombay Stock Exchange Limited and National Stock Exchange Limited. The Global Depository Receipts and Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds are listed on Luxembourg Stock Exchange and Singapore Stock Exchange respectively. Reliance Communications is India's truly integrated telecommunications service provider. The Company has a customer base of 105 million customers including over 2.5 million individual overseas retail customers. It ranks among the Top 5 Telecom companies in the world by number of customers in a single country. Reliance Communications corporate clientele includes 2,100 Indian and multinational corporations, and over 800 global, regional and domestic carriers.