18-08-2014, 02:36 PM
INDUSTRIAL VISITS REPORT
INDUSTRIAL VISITS.pdf (Size: 439.53 KB / Downloads: 22)
INTRODUCTION
The Kerala Road Transport Corporation, Which has been providing quality transport
to the people of Kerala, is one of the lading organizations of its kind. It is presently
headed by the honorable minister Sri. Balakrishna Pilla.
The K.S.R.T.C has had a very glorious past. Begun in the late 60’s this organization
has been providing excellent service to the people both within the state and the
neighbouring states. The travel is comparatively cheap and the innovative mode of
having Ordinary, Limited stop, fast and Super fast buses, super deluxe, which caters
to the different sections of the society, has made it immensely popular.
The K.S.R.T.C workshop at Pappanamcode – Central Works, is the main one, which
deals to complaints at a large scale. Assembly of parts for the launch of new buses is
also done here. The campus is a huge one and has different sections, mainly the
overhauling and assembly sections which engage in the maintenance of machine
parts. A group of dedicated staff personnel together under the close supervision of
their superiors work in close co-ordination to provide quality work.
Engine overhauling and assembly section
Cylinder in the block is the place where power is generated. Hence after some use
they get worn out. The cylinder block form the dismantled engine is cleaned
thoroughly, then boring ands honing is done to remove wear. Cylinder head is cleaned
by removing carbon and rust from the head, valve and cylinder block. The valve is
grinded to proper finish and valve seat is lapped. The damaged piston is replaced by a
new one. The weared crankshaft is ground so that ovality and taper are within
permissible limits.
The thorough cleaning of engine parts follows overhauling, and then the crank shaft
is coated with recommended lubricant and carefully placed. Timing gears, sprockets,
chains etc. are aligned and installed. Piston-connecting rod assemblies are installed.
Cylinder head is assembled and then valve lifters and push rods are then placed
followed by rocker arms. Water pump and outlet neck are then fixed into the block.
Suspension Section
The automobile chassis is mounted on the axles, not direct but through some for m of
springs. This is done to prevent road shocks form being transmitted to the vehicle
components, safe guard the occupants from road shocks and to preserve the stability
of vehicle in pitching or rolling while in motion. All the parts which perform the
function of isolating the automobile from the road shocks are collectively called
suspension systems. The buses here commonly use the semi-elliptic steel leaf spring
variety. These are selected for their excellent durability and elastic capability.
The spring consists of a number of leaves called blades. All t he blades are bound
together by means of steel straps. The spring is supported on the axle, front or rear by
means of a v-belt. One end of the spring is mounted on the frame with a simple pin
while on the other end connection is made with a shackle. When the vehicle comes
across a projection on the road surface, the wheel moves up deflecting the spring, this
changes the length between the spring eyes. If both the ends are fixed the spring will
not be able to accommodate this change of length. This is provided by means of a
shackle, which gives a flexible connection.
BODY BUILDING DEPARTMENT
The chassis coming from the factories is brought to this section and the body is built
through a continuous process of welding, carpentry, sheet metal and painting. This
department essentially deals with the assembly of the interior and the exterior parts of
the bus with the engine, gear parts etc. being bought from other automobile
companies like TATA and ASHOK LEYLAND.
In the welding section the steel structure is welded to the chassis. To this frame work
wooden attachments consisting of the platform, the foot board and the wooden parts
by the window sill are fixed. The skeleton frame work is then covered using the sheet
metal section. Care is taken to ensure a clean and stable fit. Nuts, bolts along with
additional fixtures are provided wherever necessary to provide compactness to the
structure. Painting glass fixing, seating arrangements and other finishing touches are
done to ready out the interior and exterior portions.
MACHINE SHOP
The bulk of operations for converting the metal parts into useful components to be used in the
three wheeler are done at the machine shop. This section is the biggest section at KAL having
the largest share of qualified work force. This section ensures the quality standards at the
organization. The section has a large number of sophisticated machinery both automatic as
well as semiautomatic to produce the components at fast pace and satisfying stringent quality
standards. At each level of operation inspections are done to take appropriate action
DESCRIPTION
Different types of machines are manufactured depending upon the number of books binded.
The Company has adequate infrastructure for fabrication, assembling, and surface treatment.
This includes mechanical, electronic devices system and assembling unit. The trained and
experienced man power is the strength of the company. The factory is set up in approx. 8000
sqft with crucial plant & machinery which includes 25 CNC machines. The R&D section
involves 3D modeling and analysis of components using SolidWorks. Using various