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Abstract- The present wireless video monitoring system described in this paper is designed using wireless video monitoring
system, to detect the presence of a person who is inside the restricted area. This type of automatic wireless video monitors is
quite suitable for the isolated restricted zones, where the high security is required. On the earlier time much importance is not
given for the security system. As we see today lot of terrorism has grown up across the country and need has aroused to
develop different types of security systems for various applications to safe guard the zones of various types like, military
zones, railway yards, borders etc., this kind of automatic video monitoring systems can be installed at borders, where the
terrorists are crossing borders.Our country is spending lot of its revenue to safe guard the borders. Installing this type of
security systems everywhere at critical points lot of revenue can be saved by minimizing the manpower.
. INTRODUCTION
The principle of remote sensing is utilized in this
project, to detect the presence of any person who is
very near to reference point within the zone. A video
camera collects the images from the reference points
and then converts into electronic signals. The images
which are collected are converted from visible light
into invisible electronic signals inside a solid-state
imager. These electronics signals are transmitted to
the monitor. Here for the demonstration purpose three
reference points is taken. Each reference point is
arranged with two infrared LED’s and one lamp.
Arrangement is made to detect the presence of a
person who is near the reference point. Reference
point is nothing but restricted zone. When any person
comes near to any reference point i.e. restricted zone,
then immediately that particular reference point
output will become high, this high signal is fed to the
computer and the computer energizes that particular
reference point lamp and rotates the video camera
towards that reference point for collecting the images
at that particular reference zone. To rotate the video
camera towards interrupted reference zone, stepper
motor is used.
PROPOSED SYSTEM
The video surveillance unit is designed for the
portability and widest possible viewing range. The
unit consists of a Stepper motor, which drives the
camera towards reference points automatically by the
computer and a transmitter transmits the images
collected by the camera to a distant end. Thus an
automatic controlled wireless camera is very useful
for surveillance of places where the particular
location makes it inconvenient or impractical for a
wired operation of the system.
The robotic action made by the stepper motor is
attached to the camera allows surveillance of
maximum area with one single camera. There are
several types of security systems existed in the
Market; one of the most common security systems is
CCTV (Closed Circuit Television). The CCTV
consists of Video Surveillance Camera used as
security-monitoring device plays a major role in
security. One reason for this is the fact that a picture
is worth then a thousand words. Especially this is true
in a court of law where an eyewitness is required who
can place the criminal at the scene of a crime. Here
the Infrared sensing circuit consists of two infrared
LED’s for transmitting the signal as well as receiving
the signals.
The signal transmitted by the transmitting LED omits
the signal in a line like laser beam; the radiated signal
from the transmitting LED is invisible and harmless.
Whenthe human body interrupts the transmitting
signal, there the signal is reflected and this reflected
signal is received by the infrared receiving LED.
III. INFRARED TRANSMITTER / RECEIVER
SECTION
This section is designed for detecting the presence of
a person who is inside the restricted zone within the
range. This is basically an infrared proximity
detection system. Here high efficiency IR-LED is
driven by PNP Transistor SK100 with a modulating
frequency of about 10 KHz. Frequency is available
from Pin 5 of LM 567 IC (versatile PLL tone decoder
IC). The 47W resistor connected in series with the IR
LED limits the IR-LED current. The basic function of
the detector circuit is by radiating energy into space through IR LED and detecting the echo signal
reflected from an object. The energyreflected that is
returned to the receiving LED indicates the presence
of a person who is within the range. Portion of the
transmitted energy is intercepted by the target and reradiated
in many directions. The radiation directed
back towards the system is collected by the receiving
LED causes to produce a high signal at Pin No.8 of
LM567 IC. The output of the receiver is fed to the
computer. When the computer receives a high signal
from the reference area, the computer drives the
stepper motor through the driving transistors and
rotates the motor towards that particular reference
point. Similar circuits are designed for the three
different reference points.
USE OF COMPUTER & STEPPER
MOTOR
The computer is playing a major role in this system
.Main function of the computer is to identify the
interruption made by the person, where exactly the
signal is interrupted, and at which reference point
identifying the point and displays the information on
the screen. Another major function of the computer
is to drive the stepper motor according the signal
received. This block is also responsible for
identifying the reference point. Any normal
configuration computer can be employed here. The
software program defining the operations for the
computer is written in ‘C’ language. The output of the
obstacle sensor is fed to the computer through the
parallel port. Original purpose of Parallel port was to
enable communication between a PC and a
peripheral. Other use that has become very popular is
transferring information or receiving the
information/instruction. In this project work the
received information from the detector circuit is used
to drive the motor to rotate video camera, which is
useful for the system for identifying the interrupted
reference zone. With the help of associated software
written in ‘C’ language the received information can
be displayed on computer screen. Computer reads the
data received through parallel port and can store the
data; the same data will be displayed on computer
screen. The program contains instruction about what
has to be done with the data. The CPU executes the
programs stored in the main memory by performing fetch instruction from memory and right data either to
a memory location or on an output device. Main
components of the CPU are ALU (Arithmetic and
Logic Unit), CU (Control Unit), and a set of registers.
Control unit is responsible for the moment of data
and instructions in and out of the memory and CPU.
It is also responsible for the decoding of an
instruction and determining as to what is desired by
the same. Complete electronic Hardware is interfaced
with parallel port.To drive the stepper motor in both
the directions (clockwise or anticlockwise) the system
is programmed to produce the pulses in a sequence at
four different outputs, these sequential programmed
outputs energizes the motor windings one after
another in a sequence either from top to bottom or
from bottom to top. To drive the motor in clockwise,
the sequence starts from top to bottom, similarly to
drive the motor in anti-clockwise the sequence starts
from the bottom to top. The output of the computer
through parallel port is used to drive the switching
transistors; finally these switching transistors drive
the stepper motor. These transistors provide the
required current to energize the motor. Output of the
computer is also used to drive the three relays and
one buzzer. When any human body interrupts any
reference zone, the computer energizes the alarm at
the same time the computer energize the
corresponding relay also. These relay contacts are
used to energize the three different lamps corresponds
to the three reference points independently. Circuit
diagram of relays and buzzer driven by the computer
CONCLUSION
This system can be used as an efficient surveillance
system with minimum cost. This paper presented a
system design for wireless videosurveillance,
including video capture with automatic camera
control and data transmission. Wireless camera based
surveillance systems significantly contribute to
situation awareness.
Such systems transform video surveillance from a
data acquisition tool to information and intelligence
acquisitions Systems. Real-time video analysis
provides smart surveillance systems with the ability
to react to an activity in real-time, thus acquiring
relevant information at much higher resolution. The
long-term operation of such systems provides the
ability to analyze information in a spatiotemporal
context.
As such systems evolve, they will be integrated both
with inputs from other types of sensing devices and
also with information about the space in which the
system is operating, thus providing a very rich
mechanism for maintaining situation awareness in
areas which require high security