08-08-2012, 04:19 PM
Improving Grid Power Quality With FACTS Device on Integration of Wind Energy System
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INTRODUCTION
To have sustainable growth and social progress, it is
necessary to meet the energy need by utilizing the
renewable energy resources like wind, biomass, hydro,
co-generation, etc. In sustainable energy system,
energy conservation and the use of renewable source
are the key paradigm. The need to integrate the
renewable energy like wind energy into power system
is to make it possible to minimize the environmental
impact on conventional plant [1]. The integration of
wind energy into existing power system presents
technical challenges and that requires consideration of
voltage regulation, stability, power quality problems.
The power quality is an essential customer-focused
measure and is greatly affected by the operation of a
distribution and transmission network.
POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
INTERNATIONAL ELECTRO TECHNICAL
COMMISSION GUIDELINES: The guidelines are
provided for measurement of power quality of wind
turbine. The International standards are developed by
the working group of Technical Committee-88 of the
International Electro-technical Commission (IEC), IEC
standard 61400-21, describes the procedure for
determining the power quality characteristics of the
wind turbine.[4]
GRID COORDINATION RULE
The American Wind Energy Association (AWEA)
led the effort in the United States for adoption of the
grid code for the interconnection of the wind plants to
the utility system. The first grid code was focused on
the distribution level, after the blackout in the United
State in August 2003. The United State wind energy
industry took a stand in developing its own grid code
for contributing to a stable grid operation. The rules for
realization of grid operation of wind generating system
at the distribution network are defined as-per IEC-
61400-21. The grid quality characteristics and limits
are given for references that the customer and the
utility grid may expect.
WIND ENERGY GENERATING SYSTEM
In this configuration, wind generations are based on
constant speed topologies with pitch control turbine.
The induction generator is used in the proposed scheme
because of its simplicity, it does not require a separate
field circuit, it can accept constant and variable loads,
and has natural protection against short circuit.