23-06-2012, 03:47 PM
FUNDAMENTALS OF POWER PLANTS
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Carnot Cycle , continued
Ideal gas cycle, discovered by French
engineer Sadi Carnot in 1824
Heat is added at constant temperature
T1
Heat is discharged at constant
temperature T2
Otto Cycle, continued
Nicolaus Otto discoverd spark ignition
(SI) four stroke gas engine 1876
Heat is added in constant volume V1
at top dead center (TDC) by igniting
gas air mixture by spark
Heat is discharged at constant volume
V2 at botton dead center (BDC)
Diesel Cycle, continued
Rudolf Diesel outlined Diesel engine
in 1892 in his patent
Heat is added at constant pressure
and discharged at constant volume
Ignition happens by self ignition by
injecting fuel at top dead center
Some call Diesel engines as
compression ignion (CI) engines
Brayton Cycle
Developed by Georg Brayton (1832 -
1890)
Heat is added and discharged at
constant pressure
Applied in Gas Turbines (GT)
(Combustion Turbines in US)
Rankine cycle, continued
Steam turbines are most sold
machines for power plants as
measured in output (100 000 MW/a)
They are used in coal fired, nuclear
and combined cycle power plants
Coal and nuclear plants generate
about 50 % of world electricity