15-06-2013, 02:58 PM
Introduction And Thermal Power Plant
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INTRODUCTION
India is one of the world’s largest consumer of energy
Conventional sources: Thermal, Hydro and Nuclear.
Non- conventional: Wind, solar, Geothermal, tidal.
Installed capacity – 1,61,352MW
Thermal = 95151.74MW
Nuclear = 4,120MW
Hydro = 36877.76MW
RES = 13242.41MW
Annual power production – 680 billion KWH
Break up of Power
Thermal Power Plants – 75%
Hydro Electric Power Plants - 21%
Nuclear Power Plants - 4%
Installed wind power Generation – 9655MW
30% to 40% of electrical power is lost in transmission and distribution
STRUCTURE OF POWER SYSTEM
Power system owned by state electricity boards.
Private sector utilities operate in Mumbai, Kolkata, Ahmedabad
Regional electricity boards – Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western, North-eastern.
Power Grid corporation- Central.
Fuel And Ash Circuit
Fuel stored and fed to the boiler through conveyor belts. Broken down into proper shape for complete burning.
Ash thus generated after burning is removed from the boiler through ash handling equipment
Air And Gas Circuit
Air is required for combustion of fuel and is supplied through fans
Air is passed through air preheater to extract energy from flue gases for proper burning of the fuel
Flue gases have ash and several gases which are passed through the precipitator(dust collector) and go to atmosphere through chimney.
Feed Water And Steam Circuit
Steam Converted to water by condenser.
Water is demineralized & hence not wasted to have better economic operation of the plant.
Some part of steam and water is lost while passing through different parts.
Boiler feed pump feeds water into the boiler drum where it is heated to form steam.
Wet steam is again heated in super heater before passing through the turbine
Steam is expanded in the turbine to run it. After which again it goes to boiler for reheating