20-03-2014, 03:08 PM
[u]Rubble Mound Structures[/u]
Rubble Mound.ppt (Size: 738.5 KB / Downloads: 59)
A wide variety of rubble mound structures is built in the costal zone. This includes:
Revetments and seawalls (along the shore)
Groins and jetties (perpendicular to the shore)
Breakwaters (offshore and shore parallel)
Revetments
A facing of stone, concrete, etc., to protect an embankment, or shore structure, against erosion by wave action or currents.
Vertical structures are classified as either seawalls or bulkheads, according to their function, while protective materials laid on slopes are called revetments.
Bulkheads
Bulkhead - means an upright structure or partition built parallel or nearly parallel to the shoreline, primarily to retain or prevent land from sliding and secondarily, to protect upland from beach erosion and damage from wave action. A bulkhead is generally of lighter construction than a seawall.
Bulkheads may be either cantilevered or anchored (like sheetpiling) or gravity structures (such as rock-filled timber cribs)
Seawalls
Seawall - means an upright structure separating land and water areas, primarily designed to prevent erosion and other damage to upland areas due to wave action. A seawall is generally of heavier or more massive construction than a bulkhead.
Quaywalls
QUAY (pronounced KEY)
A stretch of paved bank, or a solid artificial landing place parallel to the navigable waterway, for use in loading and unloading vessels.
A quaywall is a gravity wall structure having the dual function of providing shore protection and a berthing face for ships. Its function is similar to a bulkhead but should be chosen when overall height requirements or wave environment severity exceed the practical capabilities of typical bulkhead constructions. (they do not necessarily retain a soil backfill.)