29-03-2014, 11:57 AM
LINKAGE DESIGN OF QUICK RETURN MECHANISM
LINKAGE DESIGN.pdf (Size: 1.81 MB / Downloads: 63)
INTRODUCTION
A shaper is a type of machine tool that uses linear relative motion between the work
piece and a single-point cutting tool to machine a linear tool path. Its cut is analogous
to that of a lathe, except that it is linear instead of helical. A shaper is analogous to a
Planer, but smaller, and with the cutter riding a ram that moves above a stationary
work piece, rather than the entire work piece moving beneath the cutter. The ram is
moved back and forth typically by a crank inside the column; hydraulically actuated
shapers also exist.
[b]COMPONENT OF SHAPER MACHINE
[/b]
Table support, 2. Table, 3. Clapper box, 4. Apron clamping bolts, 5. Down feed hand
wheel, 6. Swivel base degree graduations, 7. Position of stroke adjustment hand
wheel, 8. Ram block locking handle, 9. Ram, 10. Column, 11. Driving pulley, 12.
Base, 13.Feed disc, 14. Pawl mechanism, 15. Elevating screw.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
The job is rigidly fixed on the machine table. The single point cutting tool held
properly in the tool post is mounted on a reciprocating ram. The reciprocating motion
of the ram is obtained by a quick return motion mechanism. As the ram reciprocates,
the tool cuts the material during its forward stroke. During return, there is no cutting
action and this stroke is called the idle stroke. The forward and return strokes
constitute one operating cycle of the shaper.
USES
1) Keyways in the boss of a pulley or gear can be machined without resorting to a
dedicated broaching setup.
2) Dovetail slides
3) Internal splints
4) Keyway cutting in blind holes
5) Cam drums with tool paths of the type that in CNC milling terms would require 4-
or 5-axis contouring or turn-mill cylindrical interpolation
6) It is even possible to obviate wire EDM work in some cases. Starting from a
drilled or cored hole, a shaper with a boring-bar type tool can cut internal features
that don't lend themselves to milling or boring.
PROCESSES
When we visited in industry we saw the different parts and Body of shaper
mechanism and shaper machine. They explain us how and where does this parts used.
They told us about parts application. Due to this visit we able to find some difficulties that
we have to solve. We learn about the principle of the linkage shaper mechanism. It was
good experience for us.
This is a small producing industries. There many metal cutting and bending
process in industries. There are grinding, stamping, bending, punching, surface-finishing
etc. process to use make of different part of shaper mechanism.
We get knowledge about making linkage of shaper mechanism and its design,
drawing and dimensions. And also by using the various type of machine developing
different type machining operation.
Modification
In our project we have add special mechanism is covert rotary motion
into linear motion .we use various collar for balancing shaft and bull gear.
Generally, all type of shaping mechanism is operated by motor, but in
our project it is used handle system. Handle system are very chip and
affective. It reduce the cost. Handle system is used when for small
machining and small job production.
So, we have decide for balancing make small gear is longer than larger
gear. We design the gear according to its requirement.
We are using bussing for balancing of larger gear and its shaft. We
design the bussing calculate the balancing force and weight load.
We are using material very effective and optimist material. Reduce the
cost of linkage mechanism.
We also making all available and affective change in linkage design of
shaper mechanism.