25-08-2017, 09:32 PM
LOAD TEST ON SINGLE CYLINDER, FOUR STROKE, HORIZONTAL DIESEL ENGINE
AIM:
To determine
Brake horsepower
Fuel consumption
Specific fuel consumption
Brake thermal efficiency
Heat equivalent to BHP
Air consumption
Swept volume
Volumetric efficiency
To plot the following performance characteristics
Mechanical Efficiency Vs BHP
Specific Fuel Consumption Vs BHP
Brake Thermal Efficiency Vs BHP
Indicator Thermal Efficiency Vs BHP
Total Fuel Consumption Vs BHP
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:
• Fill oil in the oil sump of engine. It should be in between the marks provided on the oil dipstick. If oil level is reduced, add clean oil (SAE – 40) to the crankcase by opening the cover of valve provided, at the top of the engine.
• Fill the diesel in diesel tank.
• Fill the manometer up to half of the height of manometer with water.
• Fill the burette with diesel by opening the valve provided at the lower side of burette. Close the valve after filling the burette.
• Supply the diesel to the engine by opening the valves provided in the fuel supply line. Supply the main power.
• Fill the cold water in the radiator of the engine.
• Start the engine with starting handle and let it run for 5 minutes under no load condition.
• When engine start running smoothly, firstly load the engine slightly with the help of rope brake dynamometer and then gradually increase the load. Then immediately open the cooling water to the break drum of the dynamometer.
• Run the engine for 2 minutes so that it can stabilize.
• Note the regarding of both the spring balance and note the RPM of pulley.
• Close the diesel supply valve and open the valve of burette. Note down the time to consume 10 or 20ml of diesel. It will give fuel consumption.
• Now open the diesel supply valve, which refill the burette.
• After refilling the burette close the burette valve and continue the diesel supply.
• Note down the reading of manometer to calculate the air intake by the engine.
• Repeat the experiment for different load.
• When the experiment is over reduce the load on engine and stop the engine.
• Then close the fuel supply to the engine.
DESCRIPTION:
The diesel engine test rig consists of following arrangements to conduct the experiment:-
FUEL INPUT MEASURING ARRANGEMENT:
This arrangement consists of a fuel tank of suitable capacity mounted on a stand. The fuel goes to the engine through a 50 ml burette. The burette facilitates the measurement of fuel consumption for a definite period of time with the help of stopwatch.
AIR INTAKE MEASURING ARRANGEMENTS:
It consists of an orifice, a diaphragm base manifold and a U – tube manometer. With the help of orifice and manometer the volume of the air sucked can be calculated.
LOADING ARRANGEMENT:
A Rope Brake Dynamometer arrangement with a brake drum coupled to the engine shaft and provided with a cooling water arrangement and spring balances. The load can be varied by increasing the rope tension on the brake drum with moving the hand wheel provided on the frame.