27-06-2014, 02:45 PM
Lack of transforming
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INTRODUCTION
TGF-β is a Secreted protein that exists in atleast three isoforms called TGF-β1, TGF-β2 & TGF-β3. TGF-β is a Pleiotropic cytokine that is it affects the activity of multiple cell types.
Functions:-
TGF-β Regulates growth arrest, cell motility, development, and differentiation.
TGF-β signaling is also instrumental in the tumor microenvironment by influencing both tumor development and metastasis.
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) has a dual role during tumor progression, initially as a suppressor and then as a promoter.
TGF-β is a critical regulator of tumor-stromal interactions that promote mammary tumor cell migration and invasion.
TGF-β SIGNALLING
This Pathway is involved in many cellular Processes in both the adult organism and the developing embryo including cell growth, cell differentiation, apoptosis, cellular homeostasis and other cellular functions.
Utilization of Ex ovo & In ovo CAM Models
Using both the ex ovo and in ovo CAM models, it was characterised how tumor cells migration and invasion utilises TGF-β mediated epithelial-stromal interactions.
Results
Intravital microscopy of xenografts revealed that mammary fibroblast promoted two migratory phenotypes dependent on epithelial TGF-β signalling; single cell/strand migration or collective migration. TβRII KO tumors also exhibited a two fold greater metastasis than TβRII control tumors.
AIM
These findings concerning TGF-β signalling in epithelial – stromal interactions are important in identifying migratory mechanisms that can be targeted as recourse for breast cancer treatment.